CVE-2024-24766 in CasaOS-UserService
Summary
by MITRE • 03/06/2024
CasaOS-UserService provides user management functionalities to CasaOS. Starting in version 0.4.4.3 and prior to version 0.4.7, the Casa OS Login page disclosed the username enumeration vulnerability in the login page. An attacker can enumerate the CasaOS username using the application response. If the username is incorrect application gives the error `**User does not exist**`. If the password is incorrect application gives the error `**Invalid password**`. Version 0.4.7 fixes this issue.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/29/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-24766 represents a critical username enumeration flaw within the CasaOS-UserService component that affects versions 0.4.4.3 through 0.4.6. This vulnerability resides in the authentication mechanism of the CasaOS login interface, where the application provides distinct error messages based on the validity of the user credentials entered during the authentication process. The flaw allows attackers to systematically determine valid usernames by observing the different responses generated by the system when attempting to authenticate with various username and password combinations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from the application's lack of consistent error handling during the authentication process. When an attacker submits a username that does not exist in the system, the application explicitly returns the error message "User does not exist" while providing a different response "Invalid password" when the username exists but the password is incorrect. This differential response behavior creates a clear indicator that enables attackers to perform automated enumeration attacks by submitting numerous username attempts and analyzing the system's responses to distinguish between non-existent accounts and existing accounts with incorrect passwords. This type of vulnerability is classified under CWE-200, which specifically addresses information exposure through improper error handling, and represents a fundamental weakness in the application's security design that violates the principle of consistent error messaging.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, creating a significant attack surface for credential-based attacks including brute force and password spraying attempts. Attackers can leverage the enumerated usernames to focus their efforts on specific accounts rather than randomly targeting the entire user base, dramatically increasing the effectiveness of their attacks. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1110.003, which covers credential guessing through password spraying attacks, and T1562.001, which addresses the exploitation of weak or default credentials. The vulnerability particularly impacts organizations using CasaOS for home automation and IoT management systems where user accounts may have weak passwords or be subject to default credential exploitation, creating a pathway for unauthorized system access and potential lateral movement within the network infrastructure.
The mitigation strategy for this vulnerability involves implementing consistent error messaging that does not distinguish between non-existent accounts and invalid password attempts. Version 0.4.7 of CasaOS addresses this issue by standardizing the authentication error responses to prevent attackers from gaining information about account existence. Organizations should implement rate limiting and account lockout mechanisms to further protect against automated enumeration attempts. Security best practices recommend that all authentication systems provide identical error responses regardless of whether the username or password is incorrect, ensuring that attackers cannot extract meaningful information through response analysis. Additionally, implementing multi-factor authentication and robust access controls can significantly reduce the risk associated with credential enumeration attacks, while monitoring for unusual authentication patterns can help detect potential exploitation attempts.