CVE-2024-25293 in mjml-app
Summary
by MITRE • 03/01/2024
mjml-app versions 3.0.4 and 3.1.0-beta were discovered to contain a remote code execution (RCE) via the href attribute.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/06/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-25293 affects mjml-app versions 3.0.4 and 3.1.0-beta, presenting a critical remote code execution threat through improper handling of the href attribute. This flaw resides within the email template rendering engine that processes mjml markup, creating a dangerous attack vector for malicious actors who can leverage the vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. The issue stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization of href attribute values, allowing attackers to inject malicious payloads that bypass normal security controls.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates a classic insecure deserialization and code injection pattern where the mjml-app application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied href values before processing them within the rendering pipeline. When the application encounters specially crafted href attributes containing malicious code, it executes this code within the context of the running application, potentially allowing full system compromise. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-94, which describes improper control of generation of code, and represents a direct exploitation of insecure input handling mechanisms. The attack surface expands significantly as the vulnerability affects any application using mjml-app for email template processing, particularly those that accept user-generated content through web interfaces or APIs.
From an operational perspective, the impact of CVE-2024-25293 extends beyond immediate system compromise to include potential data exfiltration, lateral movement within networks, and persistent backdoor establishment. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, modify email templates to include malicious links, or deploy additional malware payloads. The remote nature of the exploit means that attackers do not require physical access to systems or network proximity, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous for organizations that rely on mjml-app for email marketing, automated notifications, or business communication workflows. This vulnerability also maps to ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and script injection, and T1566 for spearphishing with a link, demonstrating the multi-faceted attack vectors available to threat actors.
Organizations utilizing mjml-app versions 3.0.4 and 3.1.0-beta must implement immediate mitigation strategies to address CVE-2024-25293. The primary recommendation involves upgrading to patched versions of mjml-app that properly sanitize href attribute values and implement comprehensive input validation controls. Additionally, organizations should deploy web application firewalls with rules specifically targeting malicious href patterns and implement strict content security policies to prevent execution of unauthorized code. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous behavior patterns associated with code execution attempts. Security teams must also conduct thorough vulnerability assessments of all applications that utilize mjml-app, particularly those handling user input through web forms or API endpoints. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing to ensure that the patch does not introduce regressions in legitimate functionality while maintaining the security posture against similar vulnerabilities.