CVE-2024-25850 in WF2780
Summary
by MITRE • 02/22/2024
Netis WF2780 v2.1.40144 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the wps_ap_ssid5g parameter
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/22/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-25850 represents a critical command injection flaw within the Netis WF2780 router firmware version 2.1.40144. This issue manifests through the wps_ap_ssid5g parameter, which is utilized in the wireless configuration interface of the device. The vulnerability allows an attacker to inject arbitrary commands into the router's command execution pipeline, potentially enabling full system compromise. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization within the web interface processing logic, where user-supplied parameters are directly incorporated into system commands without proper escaping or filtering mechanisms.
This command injection vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be exploited through web-based attacks targeting the router's management interface. The wps_ap_ssid5g parameter specifically handles the 5GHz wireless network SSID configuration, making it a prime target for exploitation since it receives user input that should be properly validated. Attackers can craft malicious payloads that, when submitted through this parameter, are executed with the privileges of the web server process, typically running with elevated system permissions. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-94 categories, representing command injection and code injection weaknesses respectively, and follows patterns commonly found in the ATT&CK framework under the T1059.001 technique for command and scripting interpreter.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple data exfiltration or service disruption. Successful exploitation could enable attackers to gain complete administrative control over the router, allowing them to modify network configurations, establish persistent backdoors, redirect traffic, or use the device as a pivot point for attacking internal network resources. The compromised device could become part of a botnet, or attackers could leverage it to perform man-in-the-middle attacks on local network traffic. The vulnerability affects not only the immediate device but also potentially exposes the entire local network to unauthorized access, as routers often serve as the primary gateway and security boundary for home and small office networks.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-25850 must include immediate firmware updates from Netis, which should address the input validation issues in the wps_ap_ssid5g parameter processing. Network administrators should also implement network segmentation to isolate affected devices, disable unnecessary services, and monitor for unusual network traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additional defensive measures include implementing web application firewalls to filter malicious payloads, enforcing strict input validation at the network perimeter, and conducting regular vulnerability assessments to identify similar issues in other network infrastructure components. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in embedded network devices, particularly those handling user-controllable parameters in critical system functions. Organizations should also consider network monitoring solutions that can detect anomalous command execution patterns and implement least-privilege principles for web interface access to minimize potential damage from successful exploitation attempts.