CVE-2024-30006 in Windows
Summary
by MITRE • 05/14/2024
Microsoft WDAC OLE DB provider for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/30/2025
The CVE-2024-30006 vulnerability represents a critical remote code execution flaw within Microsoft Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) OLE DB provider for SQL Server components. This vulnerability specifically affects systems running Microsoft SQL Server and WDAC policies that utilize OLE DB providers for database connectivity. The flaw exists in how the OLE DB provider handles certain input validation processes when establishing database connections through WDAC enforcement mechanisms. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by crafting malicious OLE DB connection strings or database queries that trigger improper memory handling within the WDAC OLE DB provider module. The vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied data within the provider's connection establishment logic, creating opportunities for arbitrary code execution on systems where WDAC policies are enforced.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a buffer overflow condition within the OLE DB provider's parameter parsing routines when processing specific database connection parameters. The flaw manifests when the provider receives malformed connection string parameters or database query inputs that exceed expected buffer boundaries. This buffer overflow condition can be leveraged to overwrite critical memory structures, potentially allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the SQL Server service account. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it operates within the WDAC enforcement context, meaning that even systems with strict application control policies may be vulnerable if they rely on OLE DB providers for database connectivity. The exploit requires minimal privileges to initiate but can result in complete system compromise when successful.
The operational impact of CVE-2024-30006 extends beyond traditional database security boundaries due to its integration with WDAC policies. Organizations that implement WDAC as part of their security strategy may experience unexpected code execution paths that bypass their intended application control measures. This vulnerability can enable attackers to escalate privileges from standard database user accounts to SYSTEM level access on target servers. The attack surface includes any system running SQL Server with WDAC enforcement enabled and OLE DB provider usage, potentially affecting enterprise environments with complex database architectures. Security teams must consider that this vulnerability could be exploited in lateral movement scenarios, where attackers use compromised database systems as launch points for broader network infiltration. The vulnerability's impact is amplified in environments where database connectivity is frequently used for application integration and data access.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-30006 should prioritize immediate patch deployment from Microsoft, as the vendor has released security updates addressing the buffer overflow condition in the OLE DB provider components. Organizations should also implement network segmentation to limit database access to only necessary systems and applications, reducing the potential attack surface. Disabling unnecessary OLE DB provider usage and implementing strict database connection monitoring can help detect exploitation attempts. Security configurations should include disabling the affected OLE DB provider components when not required for business operations. Additionally, organizations should enhance their monitoring capabilities to detect anomalous database connection patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-121 for heap-based buffer overflow conditions and maps to ATT&CK technique T1059.008 for command and scripting interpreter, as exploitation typically involves executing malicious code through database interfaces. Organizations should also consider implementing application control measures that specifically target OLE DB provider executables to prevent unauthorized code execution in the WDAC context.