CVE-2024-38280 in Vigilant Fixed LPR Coms Box
Summary
by MITRE • 06/13/2024
An unauthorized user is able to gain access to sensitive data, including credentials, by physically retrieving the hard disk of the product as the data is stored in clear text.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/03/2024
This vulnerability represents a critical weakness in data protection mechanisms where sensitive information including authentication credentials is stored in plaintext format on storage devices. The flaw exists in the product's encryption implementation or data handling processes, allowing any individual with physical access to the device to directly extract confidential information from the hard disk. The vulnerability demonstrates a fundamental failure in implementing proper data at rest protection measures, which is a core requirement of security frameworks such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology cybersecurity framework and ISO/IEC 27001 standards. From an attack perspective, this represents a severe risk as it eliminates the need for complex exploitation techniques and allows immediate access to sensitive data through simple physical retrieval methods.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-312, which specifically addresses the exposure of sensitive information through improper data handling. The flaw essentially creates a backdoor for attackers who possess physical access to the system, bypassing all network-based security controls and authentication mechanisms. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous in environments where devices may be lost, stolen, or accessed by unauthorized personnel. The lack of encryption at rest means that even if other security controls are properly implemented, they become ineffective when an attacker can directly access the storage medium. The vulnerability also violates principles established in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the data exposure category, where adversaries can directly access and extract sensitive information without requiring complex exploitation or bypassing system defenses.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential theft, as the compromised data may include database passwords, API keys, encryption keys, and other sensitive information that could enable further attacks within the network. An attacker with physical access could potentially escalate privileges, move laterally within the network, or conduct persistent surveillance operations using the stolen credentials. The vulnerability affects the confidentiality aspect of the CIA triad and represents a failure in implementing basic security controls such as full disk encryption or at least file-level encryption for sensitive data. Organizations may face significant compliance violations under regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI DSS, which mandate appropriate protection of sensitive data both in transit and at rest. The risk is particularly elevated in environments where devices are not properly secured or where physical security controls are inadequate.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing comprehensive encryption solutions including full disk encryption, secure key management systems, and proper data classification protocols. Organizations must ensure that all sensitive data is encrypted at rest using strong encryption algorithms and that encryption keys are properly managed and protected. The implementation of hardware-based encryption solutions, secure boot processes, and proper device management policies can significantly reduce the risk associated with physical access attacks. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to verify that encryption mechanisms are properly implemented and functioning as intended. Additionally, organizations should establish clear policies regarding device handling, secure disposal procedures, and incident response protocols for cases where devices may be compromised through physical access. These measures align with security best practices outlined in NIST SP 800-111 and other industry standards for protecting against physical security threats and maintaining data confidentiality.