CVE-2024-39280 in AC3000
Summary
by MITRE • 01/14/2025
An external config control vulnerability exists in the nas.cgi set_smb_cfg() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/22/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-39280 represents a critical external configuration control flaw within the nas.cgi component of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505 firmware, specifically within the set_smb_cfg() function. This issue constitutes a direct violation of secure configuration management principles and falls under the category of command injection vulnerabilities that can be exploited through improper input validation and sanitization mechanisms. The vulnerability exists in the context of network-attached storage functionality where the device fails to properly validate or sanitize user-supplied parameters before incorporating them into system commands, creating a pathway for malicious actors to execute arbitrary code on the affected device.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through a carefully crafted HTTP request that leverages authentication capabilities to gain access to the vulnerable set_smb_cfg() function. This function appears to directly incorporate user-provided configuration parameters into system command execution without adequate sanitization or validation, creating a classic command injection scenario. The flaw demonstrates inadequate input filtering and parameter handling within the web interface, where the system fails to properly escape or validate special characters that could be interpreted as command delimiters or operators by the underlying shell. This vulnerability directly maps to CWE-77 and CWE-89, which respectively address command injection and SQL injection vulnerabilities, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and script injection.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access to encompass full system compromise and potential lateral movement within network environments. An authenticated attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to complete system takeover, data exfiltration, or use of the device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the network. The vulnerability affects the device's SMB configuration functionality, which typically handles file sharing and network access controls, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where such devices often serve as network infrastructure components. The exploitation requires only an authenticated HTTP request, meaning that credentials obtained through social engineering, credential stuffing, or other means could be sufficient to achieve system compromise.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-39280 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Wavlink to address the root cause of the vulnerability. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to affected devices, restrict HTTP access to only authorized administrative users, and deploy network monitoring solutions to detect suspicious HTTP request patterns targeting the nas.cgi component. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls and input validation controls can provide additional layers of defense against similar vulnerabilities. Security teams should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments of all network-attached storage devices and web-based management interfaces to identify potential similar flaws in other firmware components. The vulnerability also underscores the importance of proper secure coding practices including input validation, parameterized queries, and principle of least privilege in web application development, particularly for network infrastructure devices that handle sensitive configuration data and system commands.