CVE-2024-41658 in Casdoor
Summary
by MITRE • 08/21/2024
Casdoor is a UI-first Identity and Access Management (IAM) / Single-Sign-On (SSO) platform. In Casdoor 1.577.0 and earlier, he purchase URL that is created to generate a WechatPay QR code is vulnerable to reflected XSS. When purchasing an item through casdoor, the product page allows you to pay via wechat pay. When using wechat pay, a QR code with the wechat pay link is displayed on the payment page, hosted on the domain of casdoor. This page takes a query parameter from the url successUrl, and redirects the user to that url after a successful purchase. Because the user has no reason to think that the payment page contains sensitive information, they may share it with other or can be social engineered into sending it to others. An attacker can then craft the casdoor link with a special url and send it back to the user, and once payment has gone though an XSS attack occurs.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/13/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2024-41658 affects Casdoor 1.577.0 and earlier versions, representing a significant security flaw in the platform's identity and access management capabilities. This issue manifests as a reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability within the WeChatPay payment processing functionality, where the system fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input parameters. The vulnerability specifically occurs in the purchase URL mechanism that generates WeChatPay QR codes, creating a dangerous attack surface that could compromise user sessions and enable unauthorized access to sensitive information. Casdoor's architecture, designed as a UI-first IAM/SSO platform, inadvertently exposes users to this risk during the payment flow process, particularly when utilizing WeChatPay integration.
The technical flaw stems from improper input validation and sanitization within the payment redirection mechanism. When users proceed with WeChatPay transactions through Casdoor's interface, the system constructs a payment page that accepts a successUrl parameter from the query string. This parameter is then used to redirect users back to their original location after successful payment completion. The vulnerability occurs because the application reflects this parameter directly into the page without adequate sanitization or encoding, allowing malicious input to be executed as JavaScript within the user's browser context. The attack vector leverages the fact that users may unknowingly share payment URLs containing malicious payloads, particularly since these pages contain sensitive payment information that users might consider legitimate.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, potentially enabling sophisticated attack scenarios that could compromise user accounts and sensitive data. Attackers can craft malicious URLs containing XSS payloads and send them to victims through social engineering tactics, phishing campaigns, or by exploiting trust relationships. Once a user clicks such a malicious link and completes a payment, the reflected XSS executes in their browser, potentially stealing session cookies, redirecting to malicious sites, or performing unauthorized actions on behalf of the user. This vulnerability undermines the fundamental security assumptions of the IAM platform, as it allows attackers to exploit the trust relationship between users and the payment system. The risk is particularly elevated given that WeChatPay integration is commonly used in regions where such payment methods are prevalent, making the attack surface more extensive.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the payment flow. The primary remediation involves sanitizing all user-supplied parameters, particularly the successUrl parameter, before incorporating them into the payment page response. Organizations should implement Content Security Policy headers to limit script execution and prevent unauthorized code injection. The fix should include proper URL validation to ensure that redirect targets are either whitelisted or properly encoded to prevent script execution. Additionally, security measures should include implementing proper session management, monitoring for suspicious redirection patterns, and conducting regular security assessments of third-party integrations. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-79, which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws, and represents a significant concern for organizations using Casdoor as part of their identity management infrastructure, particularly those operating in environments where social engineering attacks are prevalent. The attack pattern follows typical XSS exploitation techniques documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the T1059.007 technique for script injection.