CVE-2024-47796 in DCMTK
Summary
by MITRE • 01/13/2025
An improper array index validation vulnerability exists in the nowindow functionality of OFFIS DCMTK 3.6.8. A specially crafted DICOM file can lead to an out-of-bounds write. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/24/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-47796 represents a critical improper array index validation flaw within the nowindow functionality of OFFIS DCMTK version 3.6.8. This digital imaging and communications in medicine standard library serves as a foundational component for medical imaging systems worldwide, making the discovery of such a vulnerability particularly concerning for healthcare cybersecurity. The flaw manifests when processing specially crafted DICOM files that contain malformed index values, leading to an out-of-bounds write condition that can potentially compromise system integrity and data confidentiality.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation within the DICOM file processing pipeline, specifically affecting the nowindow functionality that handles windowing operations for medical image display. When a malicious DICOM file is processed, the system fails to properly validate array indices before accessing memory locations, allowing an attacker to manipulate memory boundaries and execute unauthorized write operations. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-129, which specifically addresses improper validation of array indices, and represents a classic example of buffer over-read or over-write conditions that can lead to arbitrary code execution. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this under T1203, where adversaries leverage software vulnerabilities to execute malicious code.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple memory corruption, as it can enable attackers to manipulate medical imaging data, potentially altering diagnostic information or causing system instability in critical healthcare environments. Given that DCMTK is widely deployed in hospital information systems, Picture Archiving and Communication Systems, and radiology workstations, a successful exploitation could compromise patient safety and medical record integrity. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it requires no special privileges to exploit, as the malicious file can be delivered through standard DICOM file exchange protocols, making it accessible through common attack vectors such as email attachments, medical image sharing systems, or compromised medical device networks.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-47796 should prioritize immediate patching of affected OFFIS DCMTK installations to version 3.6.9 or later, which contains the necessary array validation fixes. Organizations should implement strict DICOM file validation procedures at network boundaries and consider deploying intrusion detection systems that can identify suspicious file patterns. Additionally, network segmentation and access controls should be strengthened to limit exposure of vulnerable systems, while regular security assessments should verify that all medical imaging systems are properly updated and patched. The vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date medical imaging software and implementing robust security controls in healthcare environments where system reliability and data integrity are paramount for patient care.