CVE-2024-51182 in Saude
Summary
by MITRE • 01/30/2025
HTML Injection vulnerability in Celk Sistemas Celk Saude v.3.1.252.1 allows a remote attacker to inject arbitrary HTML code via the "erro" parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/07/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-51182 represents a critical HTML injection flaw within Celk Sistemas Celk Saude version 3.1.252.1, a healthcare management system that processes sensitive patient data and medical records. This vulnerability resides in the application's handling of error messages and specifically targets the "erro" parameter which is used to display error information to users. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms that fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data before incorporating it into HTML responses. Attackers can exploit this weakness by crafting malicious input through the "erro" parameter that gets rendered directly into web pages without proper HTML escaping or sanitization. The vulnerability is classified as an HTML injection issue under CWE-79 which specifically addresses Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities where untrusted data is embedded into web pages viewed by other users. This particular implementation falls under the category of reflected XSS attacks where malicious scripts are injected through the application's error handling mechanism rather than being stored in the database.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure as it provides attackers with a vector for executing more sophisticated attacks within the context of the healthcare application. When a remote attacker successfully injects HTML code through the "erro" parameter, they can potentially execute malicious scripts in the browsers of other users who encounter the error message. This opens pathways for session hijacking, credential theft, and data exfiltration from the healthcare system. The implications are particularly severe in healthcare environments where patient confidentiality is paramount under regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR. Attackers could craft payloads that steal user sessions, redirect victims to phishing sites, or inject malicious code that persists in the application's error handling system. The vulnerability's remote exploitability means that attackers do not require physical access to the system or insider knowledge to leverage this weakness, making it particularly dangerous for organizations that handle sensitive medical information.
The exploitation of CVE-2024-51182 aligns with several techniques documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly under the Initial Access and Execution phases where attackers establish footholds and execute malicious code. The vulnerability can be leveraged as part of a broader attack chain where attackers first identify the HTML injection vector, then craft payloads that bypass security controls, and finally execute malicious scripts against other users within the healthcare network. Security controls such as Content Security Policy (CSP) headers and proper input validation would typically prevent such attacks, but the absence of these protections in the affected version leaves the system vulnerable. Organizations should implement comprehensive mitigation strategies including strict input validation, output encoding, and regular security assessments to prevent exploitation of similar vulnerabilities. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper parameter handling in web applications, especially in healthcare systems where the consequences of security breaches extend beyond financial loss to patient safety and regulatory compliance. Additionally, the vulnerability highlights the need for robust error handling mechanisms that do not directly render user input into HTML contexts without proper sanitization, aligning with industry best practices for secure coding and defense-in-depth strategies.