CVE-2024-53944 in LT15D 4G Wi-Fi
Summary
by MITRE • 02/27/2025
An issue was discovered on Tuoshi/Dionlink LT15D 4G Wi-Fi devices through M7628NNxlSPv2xUI_v1.0.1802.10.08_P4 and LT21B devices through M7628xUSAxUIv2_v1.0.1481.15.02_P0. A unauthenticated remote attacker with network access can exploit a command injection vulnerability. The /goform/formJsonAjaxReq endpoint fails to sanitize shell metacharacters sent via JSON parameters, thus allowing attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/02/2025
This vulnerability affects Tuoshi/Dionlink LT15D 4G Wi-Fi devices running firmware versions M7628NNxlSPv2xUI_v1.0.1802.10.08_P4 and LT21B devices with firmware M7628xUSAxUIv2_v1.0.1481.15.02_P0. The flaw resides in the /goform/formJsonAjaxReq endpoint which processes JSON parameters without proper sanitization of shell metacharacters. This represents a critical command injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers with network access to execute arbitrary operating system commands with root privileges. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the web application's JSON parameter handling.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability follows a command injection pattern that aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-94, specifically targeting the execution of arbitrary commands through improper input handling. Attackers can craft malicious JSON payloads containing shell metacharacters such as semicolons, ampersands, or backticks that bypass sanitization checks and get interpreted by the underlying operating system. This allows for complete system compromise including privilege escalation to root level access, which enables attackers to modify system configurations, install malware, or extract sensitive data from the device. The vulnerability impacts the device's web interface authentication mechanisms, as no authentication is required for exploitation, making it particularly dangerous in networked environments.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe for organizations deploying these devices in critical infrastructure or enterprise networks. Network attackers can remotely compromise these devices without requiring any credentials, potentially gaining access to internal network resources through the compromised device. This represents a significant risk for industrial control systems, IoT deployments, and network infrastructure where these devices may serve as entry points for broader network infiltration. The root privilege execution capability means attackers can manipulate device firmware, alter network configurations, or establish persistent backdoors. This vulnerability also aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter and T1068 for exploit for privilege escalation, demonstrating the full spectrum of attack vectors available to adversaries.
Mitigation strategies should include immediate firmware updates from the vendor to address the command injection vulnerability, network segmentation to limit access to these devices, and implementation of network monitoring to detect suspicious JSON requests to the vulnerable endpoint. Access control measures such as restricting network access to only trusted sources and implementing web application firewalls can help reduce attack surface. Organizations should also conduct thorough network assessments to identify all affected devices and implement proper input validation mechanisms. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices in embedded systems and the necessity of robust input sanitization for all user-controllable parameters. Regular security audits of network infrastructure devices and mandatory firmware update policies should be implemented to prevent similar vulnerabilities from being exploited in the future.