CVE-2024-54024 in FortiIsolator
Summary
by MITRE • 04/08/2025
An improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability [CWE-78] in Fortinet FortiIsolator before version 2.4.6 allows a privileged attacker with super-admin profile and CLI access to execute unauthorized code via specifically crafted HTTP requests.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/23/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-54024 represents a critical operating system command injection flaw within Fortinet FortiIsolator software prior to version 2.4.6. This vulnerability falls under the well-established CWE-78 category, which specifically addresses improper neutralization of special elements used in operating system commands. The flaw manifests when the system fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into operating system commands, creating a pathway for malicious code execution. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it requires only a privileged attacker with super-admin profile and command-line interface access to exploit, making it accessible to individuals with significant system privileges.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs through specifically crafted HTTP requests that contain malicious command sequences designed to bypass input validation mechanisms. When FortiIsolator processes these requests, the system fails to properly escape or filter special characters that could be interpreted by the underlying operating system as command delimiters or operators. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary operating system commands that execute with the privileges of the FortiIsolator service account. The attack vector is particularly dangerous because it leverages the legitimate administrative interface while maintaining the appearance of normal system operations, making detection more challenging.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with the capability to escalate privileges and potentially compromise the entire network isolation environment that FortiIsolator is designed to protect. Attackers could use this vulnerability to gain access to sensitive network segments, exfiltrate data, or establish persistent access points within the isolated network environment. The implications are severe for organizations relying on FortiIsolator for network segmentation and security isolation, as successful exploitation could undermine the fundamental security posture that the solution is intended to provide. This vulnerability directly impacts the integrity and confidentiality of isolated network environments, potentially allowing lateral movement and privilege escalation attacks that bypass traditional security controls.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including updating to FortiIsolator version 2.4.6 or later, which includes proper input sanitization and command injection prevention mechanisms. Network segmentation should be reviewed to limit access to administrative interfaces, and monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual HTTP request patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, and T1566 for credential access through compromised administrative accounts. Security teams should also consider implementing web application firewalls and input validation controls to provide additional layers of defense against similar injection attacks. Regular security assessments should be conducted to identify potential command injection vulnerabilities in other network security solutions and ensure proper patch management processes are in place to address such critical flaws promptly.