CVE-2024-57423 in CloudClassroom-PHP Project
Summary
by MITRE • 02/26/2025
A Cross Site Scripting vulnerability in CloudClassroom-PHP Project v1.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the exid parameter of the assessment function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-57423 represents a critical cross site scripting flaw within the CloudClassroom-PHP Project version 1.0 that exposes the application to remote code execution risks. This vulnerability specifically targets the assessment function's exid parameter, creating an attack vector that allows malicious actors to inject malicious scripts into the application's web interface. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms within the application's parameter handling processes, particularly when processing user-supplied data through the exid parameter.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses Cross-Site Scripting conditions where web applications fail to properly validate or encode user-controllable data before incorporating it into dynamically generated web pages. Attackers can exploit this weakness by crafting malicious payloads that leverage the exid parameter to inject script code that executes in the context of other users' browsers. This particular vulnerability enables remote code execution because the injected scripts can manipulate the application's behavior, potentially allowing attackers to access sensitive user data, hijack sessions, or even escalate privileges within the application environment.
The operational impact of CVE-2024-57423 extends beyond simple script injection as it creates a persistent threat vector that can compromise the entire application ecosystem. When exploited, this vulnerability can result in unauthorized data access, session hijacking, and potential lateral movement within network environments where the application resides. The assessment function's exposure through the exid parameter suggests that this vulnerability affects core educational functionality where user assessments are conducted, making it particularly dangerous as it can compromise the integrity of academic records and student information. The remote nature of the attack means that threat actors can exploit this vulnerability from anywhere on the internet without requiring physical access to the system.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate implementation of proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms to prevent script injection attacks. The application should sanitize all user inputs through strict parameter validation and implement comprehensive output encoding for all dynamic content generated from user-supplied data. Additionally, implementing proper access controls and authentication mechanisms within the assessment function can help limit the scope of potential exploitation. Organizations should also consider deploying web application firewalls and implementing security headers to provide additional protection layers against similar attacks. The remediation process must include thorough code review and testing to ensure that all parameters within the application are properly validated and that the assessment function's exid parameter no longer accepts malicious payloads that could lead to unauthorized code execution.
This vulnerability aligns with several ATT&CK techniques including T1059.007 for Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1566 for Phishing, as attackers can leverage the XSS vulnerability to deliver malicious payloads that can execute arbitrary commands on victim systems. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that CloudClassroom applications are typically used in educational environments where sensitive personal and academic data is processed, making this vulnerability a prime target for threat actors seeking to compromise educational institutions' digital infrastructure.