CVE-2024-7744 in WS_FTP Server
Summary
by MITRE • 08/28/2024
In WS_FTP Server versions before 8.8.8 (2022.0.8), an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in the Web Transfer Module allows File Discovery, Probe System Files, User-Controlled Filename, Path Traversal.
An authenticated file download flaw has been identified where a user can craft an API call that allows them to download a file from an arbitrary folder on the drive where that user host's root folder is located (by default this is C:)
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/04/2024
The CVE-2024-7744 vulnerability represents a critical path traversal flaw within WS_FTP Server's Web Transfer Module affecting versions prior to 8.8.8. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-22 category of Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory, which is a well-documented weakness in software security that allows attackers to access files outside of intended directories. The flaw specifically manifests in the web transfer functionality where authenticated users can exploit improper input validation to navigate beyond the designated file system boundaries.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability allows authenticated users to manipulate API calls that control file download operations. When a user crafts a specific API request, they can traverse the file system hierarchy to access files located in arbitrary directories on the host system. The default configuration places the user's root folder at the C: drive level, making this vulnerability particularly dangerous as it can potentially expose sensitive system files, configuration data, and user information stored on the same drive. The vulnerability specifically enables File Discovery and Probe System Files capabilities, which are commonly used by attackers to gather intelligence about the target system.
The operational impact of CVE-2024-7744 extends beyond simple unauthorized file access, as it provides attackers with the ability to explore the entire file system structure from the user's root directory downward. This can lead to the exposure of critical system files, application configuration files containing passwords or API keys, user data, and potentially sensitive corporate information. The vulnerability can be exploited through the Web Transfer Module's API endpoints, which means that even users with limited permissions can potentially access files they should not be able to reach. This weakness directly maps to ATT&CK technique T1083 (File and Directory Discovery) and T1566 (Phishing) as attackers can use this vulnerability to gather intelligence for further attacks.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on immediate patching to WS_FTP Server version 8.8.8 or later, which contains the necessary fixes to properly validate and sanitize file path inputs. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to the Web Transfer Module and restrict API access to only authorized users. Additional defensive measures include implementing proper input validation, using secure coding practices that prevent path traversal attacks, and conducting regular security assessments of file transfer systems. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper access controls and input sanitization in web applications, particularly those handling file system operations, and aligns with security frameworks that emphasize the need for defense in depth approaches to prevent privilege escalation and unauthorized data access.