CVE-2025-0187 in gradio
Summary
by MITRE • 03/20/2025
A Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in the file upload feature of gradio-app/gradio version 0.39.1. The vulnerability is due to improper handling of form-data with a large filename in the file upload request. By sending a payload with an excessively large filename, the server becomes overwhelmed and unresponsive, leading to unavailability for legitimate users.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0187 represents a critical denial of service weakness within the gradio-app/gradio framework version 0.39.1, specifically affecting the file upload functionality. This issue stems from inadequate validation and processing of form-data containing excessively long filenames, creating a scenario where malicious actors can exploit the system's resource handling mechanisms to cause service disruption. The vulnerability resides in the application's inability to properly manage and sanitize user-provided filename data during file upload operations, leading to resource exhaustion and subsequent system unresponsiveness.
The technical flaw manifests when the application receives file upload requests containing filenames that exceed reasonable length parameters. The improper handling occurs at the input validation layer where the system fails to implement adequate bounds checking or size limitations for filename fields within multipart form data. This weakness allows attackers to craft malicious payloads with extraordinarily long filenames that cause the server to consume excessive memory and processing resources during the file handling process. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be classified under CWE-400 as an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability, specifically related to improper input validation.
Operationally, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to systems utilizing gradio-app/gradio 0.39.1, as it enables remote attackers to perform denial of service attacks with minimal technical expertise. The impact extends beyond simple service disruption, potentially affecting business continuity and user experience for legitimate users who rely on the file upload functionality. Attackers can exploit this weakness by submitting file upload requests with filenames containing thousands or millions of characters, causing the server to allocate excessive memory resources and potentially leading to process termination or complete system unavailability. The attack vector requires no authentication and can be executed through standard web browser interfaces or automated tools, making it particularly dangerous in production environments.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing robust input validation mechanisms that enforce reasonable filename length limits and sanitize all user-provided data before processing. Organizations should consider implementing rate limiting controls and resource monitoring to detect and prevent excessive resource consumption patterns. The recommended approach includes configuring maximum filename length parameters within the application configuration, implementing proper error handling for oversized inputs, and deploying application firewalls or web application firewalls that can detect and block malicious file upload patterns. Additionally, upgrading to patched versions of gradio-app/gradio where this vulnerability has been addressed should be prioritized as a long-term solution. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1499.004 for Network Denial of Service and demonstrates the importance of proper input validation as outlined in the OWASP Top Ten Proactive Controls.