CVE-2025-0417 in DNA
Summary
by MITRE • 04/01/2025
Lack of protection against brute force attacks in Valmet DNA visualization in DNA Operate. The possibility to make an arbitrary number of login attempts without any rate limit gives an attacker an increased chance of guessing passwords and then performing switching operations.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0417 represents a critical security weakness in the Valmet DNA visualization system within the DNA Operate platform, specifically targeting the authentication mechanism. This flaw manifests as the complete absence of brute force protection measures, allowing unauthorized users to execute unlimited login attempts without any form of rate limiting or account lockout functionality. The vulnerability resides in the authentication subsystem where the system fails to implement essential protective controls that would normally prevent automated password guessing attacks. The absence of such controls creates a significant attack surface that directly undermines the security posture of the industrial control system environment.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from the lack of proper session management and authentication throttling mechanisms within the DNA Operate platform. Attackers can exploit this weakness by continuously attempting different credential combinations without facing any delays or account restrictions that would typically be implemented in secure authentication systems. This allows for both dictionary attacks and brute force methodologies to be executed effectively, potentially leading to successful unauthorized access to the system. The vulnerability directly maps to CWE-307, which specifically addresses inadequate protection against brute force attacks, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1110.003 related to credential stuffing and password guessing. The system's failure to implement basic authentication rate limiting represents a fundamental security oversight that violates industry best practices for industrial control systems.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access, as successful exploitation could enable attackers to manipulate critical industrial processes through switching operations that are typically restricted to authorized personnel. The visualization capabilities within DNA Operate provide comprehensive monitoring and control interfaces that, when compromised, could allow attackers to alter operational parameters, disrupt production processes, or gain deeper access to the underlying industrial network infrastructure. This risk is particularly concerning in industrial environments where operational technology systems require robust security controls to prevent potential physical damage or safety hazards. The vulnerability creates a pathway for attackers to escalate privileges and potentially compromise the entire industrial control ecosystem, making it a critical concern for organizations operating in manufacturing, energy, or other industrial sectors.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-0417 should prioritize the immediate implementation of authentication rate limiting mechanisms that restrict the number of login attempts within a specified time window. Organizations should deploy account lockout procedures after a predetermined number of failed authentication attempts, combined with adaptive authentication controls that can detect and respond to suspicious login patterns. Network-level protections including intrusion detection systems and firewall rules should be configured to monitor and restrict access attempts from suspicious IP addresses. The implementation of multi-factor authentication should be considered as a layered security approach to reduce the impact of credential compromise. Additionally, regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to validate the effectiveness of implemented controls, while system administrators should monitor authentication logs for signs of brute force attack patterns. Compliance with NIST SP 800-53 security controls and IEC 62443 standards for industrial automation and control systems should guide the remediation efforts to ensure comprehensive protection against similar vulnerabilities.