CVE-2025-0441 in Chrome
Summary
by MITRE • 01/15/2025
Inappropriate implementation in Fenced Frames in Google Chrome prior to 132.0.6834.83 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from the system via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/19/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0441 resides within the Fenced Frames implementation in Google Chrome, representing a critical security gap that emerged prior to version 132.0.6834.83. Fenced Frames serve as a security feature designed to isolate potentially malicious content from the main browsing context, preventing cross-site scripting attacks and data leakage between different origins. This mechanism operates under the principle of creating secure boundaries around sensitive operations, particularly in advertising and analytics contexts where third-party content needs to be rendered without compromising user privacy or system integrity.
The technical flaw manifests in how Chrome handles certain edge cases within the Fenced Frames API implementation, specifically allowing a remote attacker to craft malicious HTML content that can bypass intended security boundaries. This vulnerability stems from inadequate validation and sanitization of frame content, enabling attackers to potentially extract information that should remain isolated within the secure fenced environment. The issue operates at the intersection of web security models and browser sandboxing mechanisms, where the boundary protection fails to maintain proper isolation between different browsing contexts.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as it represents a potential pathway for attackers to escalate privileges or access sensitive data that should be protected by the browser's security architecture. When exploited, this vulnerability could allow an attacker to gather information about the underlying system, user browsing patterns, or even access data from other origins that should be properly isolated. The medium severity classification reflects the potential for significant data exposure while acknowledging that the attack vector requires specific conditions to be met.
Security researchers have classified this issue under CWE-200, which addresses "Information Exposure," and it aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for "Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell" and T1071.004 for "Application Layer Protocol: DNS" in the context of information gathering. The vulnerability demonstrates how seemingly isolated security mechanisms can be undermined by implementation flaws, particularly in complex browser security features that require precise handling of cross-origin operations and resource isolation. Organizations should prioritize updating to Chrome version 132.0.6834.83 or later to remediate this vulnerability, as the attack surface remains significant in environments where users may encounter malicious content through web-based applications or advertisements.
The broader implications of this vulnerability highlight the challenges in implementing secure cross-origin isolation mechanisms, particularly when dealing with complex APIs that must balance security requirements with functional flexibility. Browser vendors face ongoing challenges in maintaining security boundaries while providing necessary web functionality, and this case demonstrates how even well-intentioned security features can contain implementation gaps that attackers can exploit to undermine system integrity. The remediation process requires careful attention to ensure that all affected systems receive the necessary updates while maintaining service availability during the patching process.