CVE-2025-0982 in Cloud Application Integration
Summary
by MITRE • 02/06/2025
Sandbox escape in the JavaScript Task feature of Google Cloud Application Integration allows an actor to execute arbitrary unsandboxed code via crafted JavaScript code executed by the Rhino engine. Effective January 24, 2025, Application Integration will no longer support Rhino as the JavaScript execution engine. No further fix actions are needed.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/30/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical sandbox escape flaw within Google Cloud Application Integration's JavaScript Task feature that directly undermines the security boundaries designed to isolate potentially malicious code execution. The vulnerability specifically affects the Rhino JavaScript engine implementation where an attacker can craft malicious JavaScript code that bypasses the intended sandbox restrictions, enabling execution of arbitrary unsandboxed code within the broader system environment. Such a flaw fundamentally compromises the isolation guarantees that sandboxing mechanisms are designed to provide, creating a pathway for privilege escalation and unauthorized system access.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient isolation controls within the Rhino engine integration, where the JavaScript execution context fails to properly enforce security boundaries between trusted and untrusted code execution paths. This allows an attacker to leverage specific JavaScript constructs or API calls that can manipulate the execution environment to escape the confined sandbox. The vulnerability demonstrates a classic sandbox escape pattern where the security model's assumptions about code isolation are violated, often through improper handling of object references, prototype manipulation, or access to underlying system resources through JavaScript interfaces. The flaw operates at the intersection of JavaScript engine security and cloud integration platform security, where the sandboxing mechanism fails to properly contain execution contexts that should remain isolated from the host system.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides an attacker with potential access to sensitive data, system resources, and the ability to perform unauthorized operations within the Google Cloud environment. This could enable data exfiltration, privilege escalation, or even lateral movement within the cloud infrastructure. The vulnerability affects the core integration capabilities of Google Cloud Application Integration, potentially compromising the integrity and confidentiality of automated workflows and business processes that rely on this platform for task execution. Organizations using this service could face significant security risks if exploited, particularly in environments where sensitive business data or regulated information is processed through automated integration workflows.
The remediation strategy for this vulnerability involves the complete discontinuation of the Rhino JavaScript engine within Google Cloud Application Integration, as the platform will no longer support this execution engine as of January 24, 2025. This approach aligns with industry best practices for addressing fundamental security architecture flaws where the affected component cannot be adequately secured through targeted patches or configuration changes. The decision to discontinue Rhino support represents a comprehensive solution that eliminates the attack surface entirely rather than attempting to fix the underlying sandboxing implementation. This remediation approach follows the principle of least privilege and defense in depth, removing the vulnerable component from the security perimeter. The mitigation strategy also reflects the broader industry trend toward more secure execution environments and the recognition that certain legacy components pose unacceptable risk levels when security vulnerabilities are discovered in critical infrastructure components.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-242, which describes the weakness of using dangerous functions that can lead to security issues, and demonstrates how improper sandboxing can create dangerous execution contexts. The attack pattern corresponds to techniques described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under T1059.007 for JavaScript and T1566 for malicious code injection, where attackers leverage scripting languages to execute unauthorized commands. The security implications extend to cloud security posture management and demonstrate the importance of regular security assessments of integration platform components, particularly those involving scripting engine execution. Organizations should ensure their integration workflows are migrated to supported execution environments and review their security configurations to prevent similar vulnerabilities in other components of their cloud infrastructure.