CVE-2025-11092 in DIR-823X
Summary
by MITRE • 09/28/2025
A weakness has been identified in D-Link DIR-823X 250416. Affected by this issue is the function sub_412E7C of the file /goform/set_switch_settings. This manipulation of the argument port causes command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/29/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2025-11092 represents a critical command injection flaw in D-Link DIR-823X 250416 firmware, specifically within the web interface management functionality. This issue resides in the sub_412E7C function located in the /goform/set_switch_settings file, which handles network switch configuration settings through the web-based administration interface. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization of the port argument parameter, creating an exploitable condition where malicious actors can inject arbitrary commands that execute with elevated privileges on the affected device. The flaw exists at the application layer within the web server component that processes configuration requests, making it particularly dangerous as it allows remote code execution without requiring authentication.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability follows CWE-77 standards for command injection, where user-supplied input flows directly into system command execution without proper sanitization. The affected function processes the port argument parameter without adequate validation, allowing attackers to manipulate the input string to include shell metacharacters and command sequences. This enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device's operating system, potentially gaining full control over the router's functionality. The attack vector is remote, meaning an unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability from outside the network perimeter, making it particularly concerning for enterprise and home network environments where such devices are commonly deployed.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution, as it provides attackers with complete control over the affected D-Link router. This includes the ability to modify network configurations, redirect traffic, establish backdoors, and potentially use the compromised device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the local network. The vulnerability's public exploit availability significantly increases the risk profile, as it removes the requirement for advanced exploitation techniques and makes this attack accessible to a broad range of threat actors. Network administrators face the challenge of securing devices that may be accessible from the internet without proper network segmentation, and the remote nature of the attack means that simple firewall rules may not prevent exploitation.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate firmware updates from D-Link to address the command injection flaw in the web interface component. Network segmentation through proper firewall rules can help reduce the attack surface by blocking direct access to the device's management interface from external networks. Additionally, implementing network monitoring solutions to detect suspicious command execution patterns and anomalous traffic behavior can provide early warning of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059 for command and scripting interpreter, where adversaries use system commands to achieve their objectives, and T1071 for application layer protocol usage, as the attack leverages the web application interface to deliver malicious payloads. Organizations should also consider disabling unnecessary web management interfaces and implementing intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts targeting this specific vulnerability.