CVE-2025-1186 in XunRuiCMS
Summary
by MITRE • 02/12/2025
A vulnerability was found in dayrui XunRuiCMS up to 4.6.4. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /Control/Api/Api.php. The manipulation of the argument thumb leads to deserialization. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/03/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-1186 represents a critical security flaw in the dayrui XunRuiCMS content management system version 4.6.4 and earlier. This vulnerability resides within the Control/Api/Api.php file and specifically targets the thumb argument handling functionality. The flaw constitutes a deserialization vulnerability that allows attackers to manipulate input parameters in a manner that can trigger unintended code execution. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, meaning that threat actors can potentially leverage this weakness without requiring specialized knowledge of the underlying system architecture. The affected component processes user-supplied data through the thumb parameter, which is then deserialized without proper validation, creating an avenue for arbitrary code execution. This type of vulnerability falls under the category of deserialization attacks that are commonly classified as CWE-502 in the CWE database, representing a well-known weakness in software systems where untrusted data is deserialized without adequate security measures.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise as it provides remote attackers with the capability to execute arbitrary code on the affected system. The remote exploitability means that malicious actors can initiate attacks from external networks without requiring physical access or prior authentication. This characteristic significantly increases the attack surface and potential damage scope. When an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability, they can potentially gain full control over the affected CMS instance, allowing them to modify content, extract sensitive data, establish persistent access, or use the compromised system as a launchpad for further attacks within the network infrastructure. The deserialization process creates a particularly dangerous attack vector because it can be used to execute malicious payloads that may include shell commands, malware installation, or privilege escalation techniques. The fact that this vulnerability has been publicly disclosed increases the likelihood of widespread exploitation as security researchers and malicious actors alike can study and implement the attack methods.
Security professionals should consider implementing multiple layers of defense to protect against this vulnerability. Immediate remediation efforts should focus on updating the XunRuiCMS installation to the latest version where the vulnerability has been patched. Organizations should also implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of the affected system to untrusted networks. Input validation and sanitization measures should be strengthened to prevent malicious data from reaching the deserialization functions. The implementation of web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems can help monitor for suspicious activities related to this vulnerability. Additionally, regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other applications and systems. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper data validation and secure coding practices, particularly when handling user inputs that may be processed through serialization or deserialization routines. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving code injection and privilege escalation, with potential lateral movement opportunities once initial access is gained. Organizations should also conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify similar deserialization issues in other software components and ensure that security patches are applied promptly to prevent exploitation. The public disclosure of this vulnerability emphasizes the critical need for maintaining up-to-date security measures and rapid response protocols to minimize the window of opportunity for attackers to exploit known weaknesses.