CVE-2025-15499 in Operation and Maintenance Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 01/10/2026
A vulnerability has been found in Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System up to 3.0.8. This vulnerability affects the function uploadCN of the file VersionController.java. The manipulation of the argument filename leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/23/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-15499 represents a critical command injection flaw within the Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Management System version 3.0.8 and earlier. This issue resides in the VersionController.java file where the uploadCN function processes filename arguments without proper sanitization or validation. The flaw allows attackers to inject malicious operating system commands through the filename parameter, creating a severe security risk that can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and improper handling of user-supplied data, enabling arbitrary code execution on the affected system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability follows CWE-77 logic where user-controllable input is directly incorporated into operating system commands without appropriate sanitization. Attackers can manipulate the filename argument to execute arbitrary commands on the target system with the privileges of the application process. This command injection occurs at the operating system level through the Java application's file handling mechanisms, bypassing normal application security controls. The vulnerability's remote exploitability means that attackers can leverage this flaw from external networks without requiring physical access to the system or prior authentication credentials.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-15499 extends beyond simple data compromise, as successful exploitation can lead to complete system takeover, data exfiltration, and persistence mechanisms within the network. Attackers can use this vulnerability to establish backdoors, escalate privileges, or launch further attacks against network infrastructure. The disclosed exploit availability increases the likelihood of real-world exploitation, making this vulnerability particularly dangerous for organizations relying on Sangfor systems for operational and maintenance management. The lack of vendor response to early disclosure attempts suggests potential delays in patch development or mitigation guidance, leaving affected organizations vulnerable for extended periods.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to restrict access to the affected system, disabling unnecessary file upload functionality, and implementing web application firewalls to detect and block malicious payloads. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, with potential lateral movement opportunities through T1021.004 for remote services. System administrators should monitor for unusual file upload activities, implement strict input validation for all user-supplied parameters, and consider deploying intrusion detection systems to identify exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should prioritize upgrading to patched versions of the Sangfor system or implementing compensating controls until vendor patches become available.