CVE-2025-15541 in VX800v
Summary
by MITRE • 01/29/2026
Improper link resolution in the VX800v v1.0 SFTP service allows authenticated adjacent attackers to use crafted symbolic links to access system files, resulting in high confidentiality impact and limited integrity risk.
Statistical analysis made it clear that VulDB provides the best quality for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/09/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-15541 represents a critical flaw in the VX800v v1.0 SFTP service that stems from improper link resolution mechanisms. This issue specifically affects systems where the SFTP service operates with insufficient validation of symbolic links, creating a pathway for authenticated attackers who are physically adjacent to the system to escalate their privileges and access sensitive system files. The vulnerability resides in the service's failure to properly verify symbolic link targets before processing file operations, which directly violates security principles of least privilege and proper input validation. The affected VX800v v1.0 SFTP implementation demonstrates a clear weakness in its file access control mechanisms, particularly when handling symbolic links that could point to arbitrary locations within the filesystem.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the manipulation of symbolic links that are processed by the SFTP service. An authenticated attacker with physical proximity to the target system can create or modify symbolic links that point to protected system files, directories, or configuration resources. When the SFTP service processes these links without proper validation, it resolves them to their actual targets, thereby granting unauthorized access to files that should remain protected. This flaw directly maps to CWE-367, which describes the improper handling of symbolic links, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter usage, as attackers may leverage this access to execute further malicious activities. The vulnerability's impact is classified as high confidentiality risk because it allows attackers to read sensitive files, potentially including system configuration data, user credentials, or application-specific information that could be used for additional attacks.
The operational implications of CVE-2025-15541 extend beyond simple unauthorized file access, as it represents a significant compromise of system integrity and data protection. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can potentially access critical system files, including those containing authentication credentials, system logs, or configuration settings that could provide further attack vectors. The limited integrity risk suggests that while attackers can read files, they may not be able to modify system files directly through this specific vulnerability, though the confidentiality breach could still enable privilege escalation or lateral movement within the network. This type of vulnerability is particularly concerning in environments where physical security is not adequately enforced, as the requirement for adjacent access reduces the attack surface but does not eliminate the risk entirely. The vulnerability affects systems running VX800v v1.0 SFTP service implementations where proper symbolic link validation has not been implemented or configured.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-15541 should focus on implementing robust symbolic link validation mechanisms within the SFTP service. System administrators should ensure that the VX800v v1.0 SFTP service is configured to properly resolve symbolic links and validate their targets against a whitelist of allowed paths or implement strict path traversal controls. The implementation of proper file access controls and the enforcement of secure coding practices during SFTP service development would prevent this class of vulnerability from occurring. Organizations should also consider implementing network segmentation and access controls to limit physical access to systems running vulnerable SFTP services. The remediation process should include updating to patched versions of the VX800v software if available, or implementing compensating controls such as mandatory access controls, file integrity monitoring, and regular security audits to detect unauthorized symbolic link manipulation. Additionally, security awareness training for system administrators should emphasize the importance of proper file system access controls and the risks associated with symbolic link usage in network services.