CVE-2025-20649 in MT6880
Summary
by MITRE • 03/03/2025
In Bluetooth Stack SW, there is a possible information disclosure due to a missing permission check. This could lead to remote (proximal/adjacent) information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00396437; Issue ID: MSV-2184.
Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/03/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-20649 resides within the Bluetooth Stack Software component of Microsoft Windows operating systems, representing a critical information disclosure flaw that stems from inadequate permission validation mechanisms. This weakness specifically affects the Bluetooth stack's handling of sensitive data access requests, where the system fails to properly verify authorization levels before granting access to confidential information. The vulnerability manifests when the Bluetooth subsystem processes incoming data packets or connection requests without sufficient authentication checks, potentially allowing unauthorized access to system resources and user data. The flaw exists at the protocol implementation level within the Bluetooth stack's security framework, where proper access control enforcement is missing or insufficient.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the Bluetooth stack's failure to validate permissions during critical data access operations, creating a pathway for unauthorized information extraction. When Bluetooth services process incoming connections or data transfers, the system does not adequately verify whether the requesting entity has proper authorization to access specific information types. This missing permission check creates a window where adjacent network attackers can exploit the vulnerability without requiring any additional privileges or user interaction. The attack vector operates through proximity-based Bluetooth communication channels, leveraging the inherent trust relationships within the Bluetooth protocol to gain unauthorized access to system resources. This flaw specifically impacts the Windows operating system's Bluetooth stack implementation and affects systems where Bluetooth functionality is enabled and active.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, potentially enabling attackers to extract sensitive system data, user credentials, or confidential communications. Remote exploitation occurs through adjacent Bluetooth network access, where attackers within proximity range can leverage the missing permission checks to access system resources without requiring additional privileges or user interaction. The vulnerability's severity classification reflects its potential to compromise system confidentiality and could enable further attacks through information gathering. Attackers could potentially extract device identifiers, connection history, or other sensitive metadata that could be used for additional exploitation attempts. The lack of user interaction requirements makes this vulnerability particularly concerning as it can be exploited automatically without any targeted user engagement.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-20649 should focus on implementing the official patch WCNCR00396437 which addresses the missing permission check within the Bluetooth stack. System administrators should prioritize applying this security update to all affected Windows systems, particularly those in enterprise environments where Bluetooth connectivity is prevalent. Additional defensive measures include disabling Bluetooth functionality when not required, implementing network segmentation to limit Bluetooth access, and monitoring Bluetooth connection patterns for unusual activity. Organizations should also consider implementing Bluetooth device authorization policies and regularly reviewing Bluetooth access logs to detect potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 which describes improper access control, and maps to ATT&CK technique T1046 for network service scanning and T1059 for command and scripting interpreter usage that attackers might employ after initial access. Regular security assessments should include Bluetooth stack vulnerability scanning to identify similar permission-related flaws in other system components.