CVE-2025-22470 in CL4-6NX Plus
Summary
by MITRE • 08/06/2025
CL4/6NX Plus and CL4/6NX-J Plus (Japan model) with the firmware versions prior to 1.15.5-r1 allow crafted dangerous files to be uploaded. An arbitrary Lua script may be executed on the system with the root privilege.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/06/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-22470 affects CL4/6NX Plus and CL4/6NX-J Plus security devices manufactured by a specific vendor, impacting firmware versions prior to 1.15.5-r1. These devices are commonly deployed in industrial environments for network security monitoring and control, particularly in Japan where the J Plus model is specifically marketed. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within the device's file upload functionality, creating a critical pathway for privilege escalation attacks. The flaw allows an attacker to upload malicious files that can execute with root privileges, effectively compromising the entire system's security posture.
This vulnerability represents a classic case of unsafe file upload handling combined with insufficient privilege separation mechanisms. The device's firmware fails to properly validate or sanitize uploaded files, particularly those with lua script extensions, enabling attackers to bypass normal security controls. The root privilege execution capability directly maps to CWE-434 which describes insecure file upload vulnerabilities where applications accept files without proper validation. The attack vector leverages the device's legitimate file upload functionality to introduce malicious code that executes with the highest system privileges, creating a complete system compromise scenario. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that these are industrial security devices that typically operate in trusted network segments, making them attractive targets for attackers seeking persistent access to critical infrastructure.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple privilege escalation, as it enables attackers to gain complete control over the security monitoring equipment. Once executed, the arbitrary Lua script can manipulate network traffic flows, disable security features, or establish backdoor access points that persist across reboots. This represents a significant risk to industrial control systems where these devices are commonly deployed, potentially allowing attackers to disrupt operations or gain access to sensitive network segments. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal privileges and can be executed remotely, making it particularly dangerous for devices that are accessible over network interfaces. The attack surface is further expanded by the fact that these devices often serve as network gateways or monitoring points, providing attackers with potential access to broader network infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both immediate remediation and long-term security hardening measures. The primary recommendation is to upgrade all affected devices to firmware version 1.15.5-r1 or later, which includes proper input validation and privilege separation controls. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to these devices and ensure they are not directly exposed to untrusted networks. Additional protective measures include disabling unnecessary file upload functionality, implementing strict file type validation, and monitoring for suspicious file upload activities. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1548.001 which covers abuse of root privileges and T1078.004 which addresses valid accounts with elevated privileges. Security teams should also consider implementing network-based intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts and establish incident response procedures for potential compromise scenarios. Regular security assessments of industrial control systems should include verification of firmware versions and proper configuration of security controls to prevent similar vulnerabilities from being introduced in the future.