CVE-2025-22771 in The Great Firewords of China Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 04/17/2025
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Studio Hyperset The Great Firewords of China allows Stored XSS. This issue affects The Great Firewords of China: from n/a through 1.2.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/17/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-22771 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within Studio Hyperset's The Great Firewords of China application, specifically manifesting as a stored XSS vulnerability that poses significant risks to user security and application integrity. This weakness occurs during the web page generation process where input validation and sanitization mechanisms fail to properly neutralize malicious content submitted by users. The vulnerability affects all versions of the application from the initial release through version 1.2, indicating a persistent flaw that has remained unaddressed across multiple iterations of the software. The stored nature of this vulnerability means that malicious scripts can be permanently injected into the application's database and subsequently executed whenever affected pages are rendered for other users, creating a persistent threat vector that can compromise user sessions and data.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input sanitization during the web page generation phase, where user-supplied data is directly incorporated into dynamic HTML content without proper escaping or validation. This flaw aligns with CWE-79, which specifically addresses cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in web applications, and represents a classic case of improper neutralization of input during web page generation. The vulnerability's classification as stored XSS indicates that malicious payloads are not only executed during the initial submission but remain embedded within the application's data store, making them persistent threats that can affect multiple users over time. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to inject malicious scripts that can steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious sites, or perform actions on behalf of authenticated users, effectively compromising the application's security model.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, creating potential for significant data breaches and user compromise within the affected application environment. When users interact with pages containing stored malicious content, their browsers execute the injected scripts, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized data manipulation. The vulnerability's persistence through version 1.2 suggests that the development team has not adequately addressed input validation mechanisms, leaving users exposed to ongoing risks. This type of vulnerability directly impacts the application's availability and integrity, as malicious actors can manipulate content and potentially disrupt normal application functionality while simultaneously gaining unauthorized access to user data and session information.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-22771 must focus on implementing robust input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application's data processing pipeline. Organizations should immediately implement proper HTML escaping and sanitization of all user-supplied input before rendering it in web pages, following established security practices such as those outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and the CWE guidelines for XSS prevention. The most effective remediation involves ensuring that all dynamic content generation includes proper context-aware encoding, particularly when incorporating user data into HTML attributes, JavaScript contexts, or CSS contexts. Additionally, implementing Content Security Policy headers, using secure session management practices, and conducting regular security testing including automated vulnerability scanning and manual penetration testing can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability's presence across multiple versions also necessitates a comprehensive security audit of the application's input handling mechanisms and immediate deployment of patches or updates that address the core input sanitization failures identified in the vulnerability.