CVE-2025-23288 in GPU Display Driver
Summary
by MITRE • 08/03/2025
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability where an attacker may cause an exposure of sensitive system information with local unprivileged system access. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to Information disclosure.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/05/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-23288 resides within the NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows operating system, representing a significant security weakness that could be exploited by malicious actors with minimal privileges. This flaw falls under the category of information disclosure vulnerabilities, where unauthorized access to sensitive system data becomes possible through local unprivileged system access. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it does not require elevated privileges to exploit, making it accessible to attackers who may have limited system access but still possess the ability to interact with the GPU driver components.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from improper handling of sensitive information within the GPU display driver implementation. When a local unprivileged user executes specific operations against the driver, the system may inadvertently expose confidential data that should remain protected from unauthorized access. This exposure could include system memory contents, driver internal states, or other sensitive metadata that is typically restricted to privileged system components. The flaw likely exists in the driver's memory management or access control mechanisms that fail to properly validate or restrict information flow between different privilege levels. According to CWE classification, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-200, which describes improper exposure of sensitive information, and represents a direct violation of the principle of least privilege in system security design.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as the exposed data could potentially be leveraged by attackers to conduct more sophisticated attacks. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability could gain insights into the system's memory layout, driver structures, or other sensitive information that might aid in privilege escalation attempts or further exploitation. The local nature of the attack means that the vulnerability could be exploited from within the system itself, potentially through malicious software or compromised user accounts. This makes the attack surface broader than many other vulnerabilities that require network access or physical presence. The vulnerability could be particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where multiple users share systems or where the GPU driver is used in security-sensitive applications.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on immediate driver updates from NVIDIA, as the company is likely to release patches addressing the specific flaw in the GPU display driver. System administrators should prioritize applying these updates across all affected systems, particularly in environments where security is paramount. Additionally, implementing monitoring solutions to detect unusual access patterns or information disclosure attempts can help identify potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's classification under ATT&CK technique T1082, which covers system information discovery, suggests that defensive measures should include monitoring for suspicious system enumeration activities. Organizations should also consider implementing privilege separation mechanisms and ensuring that users have the minimum necessary access rights to prevent unauthorized exploitation. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing to ensure that driver updates do not introduce compatibility issues with existing applications or system configurations.