CVE-2025-23592 in dForms Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 01/22/2025
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in NotFound dForms allows Reflected XSS. This issue affects dForms: from n/a through 1.0.
Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/09/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-23592 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within the NotFound dForms web application, specifically classified under CWE-79 as improper neutralization of input during web page generation. This weakness enables malicious actors to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users, creating a persistent security risk that can compromise user sessions and data integrity. The vulnerability manifests as a reflected cross-site scripting attack, where malicious input is immediately reflected back to the user without proper sanitization or encoding mechanisms.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when the dForms application fails to properly validate and sanitize user input before incorporating it into dynamically generated web content. When users interact with the application and provide input that contains malicious script payloads, these inputs are not adequately escaped or filtered before being rendered in the browser context. This allows attackers to craft malicious URLs or forms that, when executed by unsuspecting users, can execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the victim's browser session.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it provides attackers with the capability to steal session cookies, hijack user accounts, modify web page content, and potentially redirect users to malicious websites. Given that this affects dForms versions from n/a through 1.0, it suggests this is a fundamental flaw present in the initial release or early versions of the application, indicating poor security practices during development and insufficient input validation controls. The reflected nature of the XSS means that the attack vector is typically delivered through phishing emails, malicious links, or compromised web pages that trick users into executing the malicious payload.
Security professionals should prioritize immediate remediation of this vulnerability by implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application's codebase. The mitigation strategy must include proper HTML escaping of all user-supplied data before rendering in web pages, implementation of Content Security Policy headers, and regular security testing including automated scanning and manual penetration testing. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and control using scripting languages, and represents a common attack pattern that demonstrates the importance of defense-in-depth strategies in web application security. Organizations utilizing this software should also consider implementing web application firewalls and monitoring for suspicious input patterns to detect potential exploitation attempts.