CVE-2025-23939 in Image Switcher Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 01/16/2025
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Saiem Khan Image Switcher allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Image Switcher: from n/a through 1.1.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/10/2025
The CVE-2025-23939 vulnerability represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw in the Saiem Khan Image Switcher plugin, specifically targeting the web page generation process where input validation mechanisms fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-79 category of Cross-Site Scripting, which is one of the most prevalent and dangerous web application security weaknesses. The flaw enables attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users, creating a persistent security risk that can affect multiple users simultaneously.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs during the image switcher's web page generation phase where user inputs are not adequately neutralized before being rendered in HTML output. When users interact with the image switcher functionality, any malicious script code entered into input fields or parameters gets stored within the application's database or configuration files. This stored content is then executed whenever other users view the affected web pages, creating a stored XSS attack vector. The vulnerability impacts all versions of the Image Switcher plugin from the initial release through version 1.1, indicating a long-standing flaw that has not been properly addressed.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it allows attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of victim browsers, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, defacement of web pages, or redirection to malicious sites. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by crafting malicious payloads that exploit the input sanitization failures, storing these payloads within the plugin's configuration or user data fields. The persistent nature of stored XSS means that once the malicious content is injected, it continues to affect users until the vulnerability is patched or the malicious content is removed from the system. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in environments where multiple users interact with the affected plugin.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate patching of the Image Switcher plugin to version 1.2 or later, which should contain proper input sanitization and output encoding mechanisms. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation that filters or encodes all user-supplied data before storage, following the principle of least privilege and input sanitization as recommended by the OWASP Top Ten. Additionally, the implementation of Content Security Policy headers can provide an additional layer of protection against XSS attacks by restricting the sources from which scripts can be loaded. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual patterns in user input that might indicate attempted XSS exploitation, and regular security assessments should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other plugins or web applications. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of following secure coding practices and implementing proper output encoding techniques as outlined in the ATT&CK framework's web application security categories, particularly focusing on the T1203 and T1566 techniques related to exploitation of web application vulnerabilities.