CVE-2025-24335 in Single RAN
Summary
by MITRE • 07/02/2025
Nokia Single RAN baseband software versions earlier than 24R1-SR 2.1 MP contain a SOAP message input validation flaw, which in theory could potentially be used for causing resource exhaustion in the Single RAN baseband OAM service.
No practical exploit has been detected for this flaw. However, the issue has been corrected starting from release 24R1-SR 2.1 MP by adding sufficient input validation for received SOAP requests, effectively mitigating the reported issue.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/02/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-24335 affects Nokia Single RAN baseband software versions prior to 24R1-SR 2.1 MP, representing a critical security flaw within the operations, administration, and maintenance (OAM) service of the baseband infrastructure. This issue manifests as a SOAP message input validation flaw that exists within the communication interface used for managing and monitoring the radio access network components. The vulnerability resides in the processing of Simple Object Access Protocol messages that are transmitted to the OAM service, creating a potential attack surface where malformed input could be exploited to disrupt service operations.
The technical nature of this flaw aligns with CWE-20, which describes improper input validation as a fundamental weakness in software design that allows malicious actors to inject malformed data into systems. The vulnerability specifically targets the SOAP message handling mechanism within the Single RAN baseband OAM service, where insufficient validation of incoming requests could lead to resource exhaustion conditions. This type of vulnerability falls under the broader category of denial of service attacks, where an attacker could potentially consume system resources through carefully crafted SOAP messages, leading to service degradation or complete unavailability of the OAM functionality.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a theoretical risk to the availability and stability of the baseband infrastructure, particularly affecting network operations that rely on the OAM service for monitoring and management functions. The attack vector requires an attacker to have access to the OAM service interface, which typically operates within the management plane of the network infrastructure. The resource exhaustion potential could impact not only the OAM service itself but could also affect the broader network operations, potentially leading to service disruptions for mobile users connected to the affected baseband equipment. The lack of practical exploitation evidence suggests that while the vulnerability exists, it may require specific conditions or advanced techniques to effectively exploit.
The remediation implemented by Nokia addresses this vulnerability through enhanced input validation mechanisms for SOAP requests received by the OAM service. This mitigation strategy aligns with defensive programming principles and follows industry best practices for preventing injection attacks and resource exhaustion scenarios. The fix ensures that all incoming SOAP messages undergo rigorous validation before processing, preventing malformed or maliciously crafted requests from causing system resource depletion. This approach effectively neutralizes the attack vector while maintaining the functionality of the OAM service. The solution demonstrates proper security engineering practices that align with the ATT&CK framework's mitigation strategies for preventing command and control communication anomalies and resource exhaustion attacks.
Organizations utilizing affected Nokia Single RAN baseband equipment should prioritize upgrading to version 24R1-SR 2.1 MP or later to eliminate this vulnerability from their network infrastructure. The upgrade process should be carefully planned to minimize service disruption while ensuring comprehensive coverage of all affected systems. Network administrators should also implement monitoring procedures to detect any unusual activity patterns that might indicate attempted exploitation of this vulnerability, even though no practical exploits have been reported. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to ensure continued protection against similar issues that may emerge in the future, particularly given the increasing complexity of telecommunications infrastructure and the growing attack surface presented by interconnected network services.