CVE-2025-25723 in GPAC
Summary
by MITRE • 03/01/2025
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in GPAC version 2.5 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/02/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-25723 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within the GPAC multimedia framework version 2.5 that exposes systems to potential local code execution attacks. This issue stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within the software's handling of multimedia file processing routines, particularly affecting the parsing of malformed media content. The buffer overflow occurs when the application fails to properly bounds-check data structures during media file interpretation, creating opportunities for attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations with malicious payloads.
This vulnerability operates at the intersection of software security and multimedia processing, where the flaw manifests during the parsing of specific media container formats that GPAC supports. The technical implementation involves stack-based or heap-based buffer overflow conditions that can be triggered through carefully crafted input files, enabling attackers to manipulate program execution flow. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that GPAC is commonly used in multimedia applications, streaming platforms, and digital content processing systems, making it a prime target for exploitation in environments where multimedia content processing is prevalent.
The operational implications of CVE-2025-25723 extend beyond simple privilege escalation, as local attackers with minimal system access can leverage this flaw to achieve arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the affected process. This capability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter and T1068 for exploit for privilege escalation, potentially allowing attackers to establish persistent access or escalate privileges within compromised systems. The vulnerability's local attack vector means that exploitation does not require network connectivity, making it particularly dangerous in environments where users may unknowingly process malicious multimedia content.
Security researchers have classified this issue as a high-risk vulnerability due to its potential for remote code execution and the widespread adoption of GPAC in multimedia applications. The vulnerability's exploitation typically requires the target system to process or interpret a specially crafted multimedia file, which could occur during normal user operations such as playing media content or processing digital assets. Organizations using GPAC in their multimedia workflows face significant exposure risk, particularly in environments where content processing is automated or where users have access to potentially malicious media files.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-25723 primarily focus on immediate software updates and patches provided by GPAC developers, which address the underlying buffer overflow conditions through proper input validation and memory management. System administrators should prioritize patch deployment across all affected systems, particularly those handling multimedia content processing. Additional protective measures include implementing strict input validation for multimedia files, employing sandboxing techniques for media processing, and monitoring system logs for suspicious execution patterns. The vulnerability's characteristics align with CWE-121, heap-based buffer overflow, and CWE-122, stack-based buffer overflow, indicating the need for comprehensive memory safety improvements in the affected software components. Organizations should also consider network segmentation and access controls to limit potential exploitation vectors and implement automated patch management systems to ensure timely vulnerability remediation across their infrastructure.