CVE-2025-25895 in DSL-3782
Summary
by MITRE • 02/19/2025
An OS command injection vulnerability was discovered in D-Link DSL-3782 v1.01 via the public_type parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary operating system (OS) commands via a crafted packet.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-25895 represents a critical operating system command injection flaw within the D-Link DSL-3782 router firmware version 1.01. This security weakness resides in the handling of network traffic related to the public_type parameter, which is typically used for configuring public network access settings. The affected device operates under the assumption that input from network packets can be trusted without proper sanitization, creating an exploitable condition that enables remote code execution. The vulnerability specifically affects the router's web interface and management protocols that process incoming network requests containing the public_type parameter, making it accessible to attackers who can craft malicious packets to exploit this flaw.
This command injection vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the router's firmware implementation. The public_type parameter is processed without proper escaping or filtering of special characters that could be interpreted by the underlying operating system as command delimiters or execution operators. When an attacker sends a crafted packet containing malicious input in this parameter, the system fails to properly validate or sanitize the input before passing it to system commands, resulting in arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the web server process. The vulnerability is classified as a CWE-77 command injection weakness, which is a well-documented category of vulnerabilities that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the target system. This weakness directly enables attackers to gain unauthorized access to the device's operating system and potentially compromise the entire network infrastructure.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and far-reaching for network administrators and end users who rely on D-Link DSL-3782 routers. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can gain full control over the affected router, potentially leading to man-in-the-middle attacks, DNS hijacking, network traffic interception, and unauthorized access to connected devices. The vulnerability enables attackers to execute system commands that could include disabling network services, modifying firewall rules, installing malware, or establishing persistent backdoors. This level of access can result in complete network compromise, data exfiltration, and disruption of critical network services. The attack surface is particularly concerning because the vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication, making it an attractive target for automated exploitation tools. Network security frameworks such as the MITRE ATT&CK framework categorize this vulnerability under the T1059.001 technique for command and scripting interpreter, specifically the execution of system commands through web interfaces.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-25895 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from D-Link to address the command injection vulnerability. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access control measures to limit exposure of affected devices to untrusted networks. Regular monitoring of network traffic for suspicious patterns and anomalous behavior related to the public_type parameter can help detect exploitation attempts. The implementation of web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems can provide additional layers of protection against exploitation attempts. Organizations should also consider disabling unnecessary services and ports on affected devices, particularly those related to the web management interface. Security assessments should include verification of firmware versions and implementation of proper input validation controls. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and proper input sanitization in embedded systems, emphasizing the need for comprehensive security testing during development cycles. System administrators must also maintain updated threat intelligence feeds to monitor for exploitation attempts and ensure that all network devices are properly patched and secured against known vulnerabilities.