CVE-2025-2729 in Magic NX15
Summary
by MITRE • 03/25/2025
A vulnerability was found in H3C Magic NX15, Magic NX30 Pro, Magic NX400, Magic R3010 and Magic BE18000 up to V100R014 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /api/wizard/networkSetup of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to command injection. The attack can only be done within the local network. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/11/2025
This critical vulnerability exists in H3C Magic series network devices including NX15, NX30 Pro, NX400, R3010, and BE18000 models running firmware versions up to V100R014. The flaw resides in the HTTP POST Request Handler component where the file /api/wizard/networkSetup processes incoming requests without proper input validation. This vulnerability represents a command injection flaw that allows malicious actors to execute arbitrary commands on the affected devices. The vulnerability is classified as critical due to its potential for remote code execution and the fact that exploitation can occur through local network access, which is often less restricted than external network boundaries. The attack vector specifically targets the HTTP POST request processing mechanism, making it particularly dangerous as it can be leveraged through standard web-based attacks against the device's management interface.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input within the network setup API endpoint. When an attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP POST request to the /api/wizard/networkSetup path, the system fails to properly validate or escape the input parameters before processing them. This lack of input validation creates an environment where malicious commands can be injected and executed with the privileges of the affected service account. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 which describes improper neutralization of special elements used in a command, and it maps to ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter. The command injection occurs during the processing of network configuration parameters, which are typically used for legitimate network setup operations but can be manipulated to execute unauthorized system commands.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe for organizations using these H3C devices, as it provides a potential pathway for attackers to gain full administrative control over the network infrastructure. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to modify network configurations, establish persistent backdoors, or redirect network traffic to facilitate further attacks within the local network. The fact that exploitation requires only local network access makes this particularly concerning as attackers who have gained access to the internal network can easily target these devices without requiring external network exposure. Organizations may face significant disruption to their network services, potential data breaches, and compromise of network security controls. The public disclosure of the exploit increases the risk of widespread exploitation across vulnerable installations, as threat actors can readily implement the attack without requiring advanced technical skills.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including network segmentation to isolate these devices from general network access, implementing strict firewall rules to restrict access to the affected API endpoints, and applying firmware updates from H3C when available. The recommended approach involves disabling unnecessary network services, implementing robust input validation controls, and monitoring network traffic for suspicious activity targeting the affected API paths. Security teams should also conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify all instances of the affected devices within their network infrastructure. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing network access control measures and privilege separation to limit the potential impact if exploitation occurs. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in network device management interfaces, aligning with industry standards that emphasize the need for robust security controls in critical infrastructure components. Regular security audits and vulnerability scanning should be implemented to identify similar weaknesses in other network management interfaces and prevent similar command injection vulnerabilities from being exploited in the future.