CVE-2025-2776 in On-Prem
Summary
by MITRE • 05/07/2025
SysAid On-Prem versions <= 23.3.40 are vulnerable to an unauthenticated XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in the Server URL processing functionality, allowing for administrator account takeover and file read primitives.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/23/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-2776 affects SysAid On-Prem versions 23.3.40 and earlier, presenting a critical security risk through an unauthenticated XML External Entity (XXE) flaw in the server URL processing component. This vulnerability resides within the application's handling of XML data structures, specifically when processing server URL configurations that are susceptible to external entity references. The XXE vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate XML parsing behavior by introducing external entity declarations that can reference local or remote resources. The flaw occurs in the server-side XML processing logic where input validation is insufficient to prevent malicious XML payloads from being interpreted and executed. This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it does not require authentication to exploit, making it accessible to any remote attacker with network access to the affected system.
The technical implementation of this XXE vulnerability enables attackers to perform arbitrary file reads on the server hosting the SysAid application, potentially accessing sensitive configuration files, database credentials, or other system resources that could contain administrative account credentials. The vulnerability's exploitation pathway involves crafting malicious XML payloads that reference external entities pointing to local files or network resources, which are then processed by the vulnerable application. When the system processes these malformed XML requests, it can inadvertently retrieve and parse external content, leading to information disclosure and potential privilege escalation. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple data exfiltration as it can facilitate administrator account takeover through the extraction of authentication tokens or session information. This weakness directly maps to CWE-611, which specifically addresses XML External Entity processing without proper restrictions, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for XML External Entity Processing.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted, as it provides attackers with the capability to gain unauthorized administrative access to the SysAid system, potentially leading to complete system compromise. The ability to read arbitrary files on the server opens pathways for attackers to discover database connection strings, encryption keys, and other sensitive configuration data that could be used to escalate privileges or move laterally within the network. The unauthenticated nature of the exploit means that attackers can leverage this vulnerability without requiring valid credentials, significantly increasing the attack surface and reducing the time required to achieve initial system access. Organizations running affected versions of SysAid are at risk of data breaches, system manipulation, and potential regulatory compliance violations. The vulnerability's presence in the server URL processing functionality suggests that it could be exploited through various attack vectors including web interface interactions, API calls, or direct network requests to vulnerable endpoints.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-2776 should prioritize immediate patching of affected SysAid On-Prem installations to version 23.3.41 or later, which contains the necessary security fixes. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to the affected system and restrict direct internet exposure where possible. Input validation and sanitization measures should be strengthened to prevent XML parsing of untrusted data, particularly in server URL handling components. Security teams should deploy web application firewalls with XXE detection capabilities and monitor for suspicious XML traffic patterns. Additionally, organizations should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify other potential XXE vulnerabilities in their application stack and implement proper XML parser configurations that disable external entity resolution. Regular security updates and patch management processes should be reinforced to prevent similar vulnerabilities from being introduced in the future. The mitigation approach should also include monitoring for unauthorized file access attempts and implementing proper access controls to limit the damage that could result from successful exploitation.