CVE-2025-30426 in visionOS
Summary
by MITRE • 04/01/2025
This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, tvOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4. An app may be able to enumerate a user's installed apps.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/01/2025
This vulnerability represents a significant entitlement checking weakness that could allow malicious applications to discover and enumerate other applications installed on a user's device. The flaw specifically affects Apple's operating systems including visionOS 2.4, tvOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, iOS 18.4, and macOS Sequoia 15.4. The issue stems from insufficient validation of application permissions and entitlements that govern how apps can interact with system resources and other applications. Without proper entitlement checks, an application could potentially access information about the application landscape on the device, including installed applications, their configurations, and potentially their security contexts. This enumeration capability could serve as a foundational attack vector for more sophisticated exploitation techniques.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability likely involves improper access control mechanisms within the operating system's application sandboxing framework. When applications attempt to query or access information about other installed applications, the system should enforce strict entitlement validation to ensure that only authorized applications can perform such enumeration. The flaw manifests when these entitlement checks are bypassed or inadequately enforced, allowing unauthorized applications to gather information about the application environment. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-284, which addresses improper access control, and represents a clear violation of the principle of least privilege in system security design. The vulnerability essentially permits a form of reconnaissance that could reveal the application ecosystem and potentially identify applications with known security weaknesses.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as application enumeration can enable more advanced attack vectors including targeted exploitation of specific applications, social engineering attacks, and reconnaissance for privilege escalation. An attacker could use this enumeration capability to identify applications with known vulnerabilities, determine the security posture of the device, or craft more effective phishing attacks by targeting specific applications that users are likely to trust. The ability to enumerate installed applications also provides insight into user behavior patterns, application usage, and potentially sensitive business or personal information. This vulnerability directly relates to ATT&CK technique T1069.001, which covers credential access through application enumeration and reconnaissance activities.
The fix implemented by Apple in the mentioned versions addresses this issue through enhanced entitlement validation mechanisms that properly restrict application enumeration capabilities. The update ensures that applications can only access information about other applications when they possess the appropriate entitlements and permissions. System administrators should ensure that all affected devices are updated to the latest versions of their respective operating systems to mitigate this risk. Organizations should also review their application deployment policies and consider implementing additional monitoring for suspicious application behavior that might indicate exploitation attempts. The remediation approach demonstrates proper security engineering practices by enforcing strict access controls and entitlement validation rather than relying on incomplete or insufficient permission checks.