CVE-2025-30682 in MySQL Server
Summary
by MITRE • 04/16/2025
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: Optimizer). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.0-8.0.41, 8.4.0-8.4.4 and 9.0.0-9.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/16/2025
This vulnerability resides within the MySQL Server optimizer component of Oracle MySQL, representing a critical availability risk that affects multiple version ranges including 8.0.0 through 8.0.41, 8.4.0 through 8.4.4, and 9.0.0 through 9.2.0. The flaw manifests as a condition where a low privileged attacker with network access can exploit this weakness through various protocols to compromise the target MySQL server. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that the attack vector requires minimal technical expertise or resources, making it particularly dangerous in production environments where MySQL servers are often exposed to network traffic. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 reflects the severity of the availability impact, with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H indicating network-based exploitation requiring low access complexity and low privilege levels, with no user interaction required and an unspecified scope change.
The technical nature of this vulnerability involves the optimizer component's handling of specific query processing scenarios that lead to server instability. When exploited, the vulnerability enables attackers to cause either a complete denial of service through server hanging or frequent crashes that result in repeated system instability. This behavior aligns with the availability impact category as defined in the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) catalog, specifically mapping to CWE-400 which covers "Uncontrolled Resource Consumption" and potentially CWE-119 which addresses "Improper Access of Resource" or "Memory Corruption" scenarios. The optimizer's failure to properly validate or handle certain input conditions creates a pathway for resource exhaustion or memory corruption that manifests as system instability rather than direct data compromise.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risk to database availability and business continuity. The ability to cause complete server hangs or repeated crashes means that services relying on MySQL databases could experience extended downtime, potentially affecting multiple applications and user access. Organizations running affected MySQL versions must consider this vulnerability as a high-priority threat, particularly in environments where database availability is critical for business operations. The impact extends beyond simple service disruption to potentially affecting data integrity and transaction processing, as database servers experiencing frequent crashes may leave transactions in inconsistent states. This vulnerability also represents a potential attack vector for broader system compromise, as database servers often contain sensitive organizational data and may serve as entry points for additional attacks.
Mitigation strategies should focus on immediate patching of affected versions, with administrators prioritizing updates to MySQL versions beyond the vulnerable ranges. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of MySQL servers to untrusted networks, while monitoring systems should be deployed to detect unusual patterns of server instability or resource consumption. The principle of least privilege should be enforced, ensuring that MySQL accounts have minimal required permissions and that network access is restricted to authorized systems only. Additionally, organizations should implement regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing to identify similar weaknesses in their database infrastructure, while maintaining robust backup and recovery procedures to minimize impact from potential exploitation. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1499.004 for "Endpoint Denial of Service" and potentially T1071.004 for "Application Layer Protocol: DNS" if exploitation occurs through DNS-related query processing, highlighting the multi-faceted nature of the threat and the need for comprehensive defensive measures across network, application, and endpoint security controls.