CVE-2025-3403 in NVR ND8422P
Summary
by MITRE • 04/08/2025
A vulnerability was found in Vivotek NVR ND8422P, NVR ND9525P and NVR ND9541P 2.4.0.204/3.3.0.104/4.2.0.101. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the component HTML Form Handler. The manipulation leads to inclusion of sensitive information in source code. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/08/2025
This vulnerability affects Vivotek network video recorders including models ND8422P, ND9525P, and ND9541P running specific firmware versions. The issue resides within the HTML Form Handler component where sensitive information disclosure occurs through source code inclusion. This represents a critical security flaw that allows unauthorized access to potentially sensitive data through remote exploitation. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed and is actively being used, indicating a significant risk to affected deployments.
The technical flaw manifests as an insecure handling of HTML form inputs where the application fails to properly sanitize or validate user-supplied data before processing. When certain form parameters are submitted, the system inadvertently includes source code fragments or sensitive configuration information in the response. This behavior directly maps to CWE-200, which covers exposure of sensitive information, and CWE-74, which addresses injection flaws. The vulnerability allows attackers to retrieve source code files, configuration details, or other sensitive information that should remain protected within the application's internal processing layers.
Remote exploitation capabilities mean that attackers can leverage this vulnerability from outside the local network without requiring physical access or prior authentication. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous as it can be exploited by anyone who can reach the affected devices over the network. The attack surface extends to any user-facing HTML forms on the NVR devices, potentially exposing administrative credentials, system configurations, or proprietary code that could be used for further attacks. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability aligns with T1566.001 (Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment) and T1083 (File and Directory Discovery) techniques, as attackers could use the disclosed information to plan more sophisticated attacks.
The impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure. The exposed source code could reveal implementation details that attackers might use to identify additional vulnerabilities or develop more targeted attacks against the system. The lack of vendor response after early disclosure creates a dangerous precedent where critical security issues remain unpatched for extended periods, leaving organizations vulnerable to exploitation. Organizations should immediately assess their exposure to this vulnerability and implement network segmentation to limit access to these devices. The absence of vendor patches and response indicates that affected systems may remain vulnerable indefinitely, requiring defensive measures such as network monitoring and access controls to mitigate potential exploitation attempts.