CVE-2025-36513 in Surveillance Camera
Summary
by MITRE • 06/06/2025
Cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists in surveillance cameras provided by i-PRO Co., Ltd.. If a user views a crafted page while logged in to the affected product, unintended operations may be performed.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/06/2025
This cross-site request forgery vulnerability in i-PRO Co., Ltd. surveillance cameras represents a critical security flaw that undermines the integrity of user sessions and system operations. The vulnerability stems from the lack of proper anti-CSRF protection mechanisms within the web interface of these devices, allowing malicious actors to exploit the trust relationship between authenticated users and the camera systems. The flaw enables attackers to execute unauthorized commands through crafted web pages that users may inadvertently visit while maintaining an active session with the surveillance equipment. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-352, which specifically addresses Cross-Site Request Forgery issues in web applications and embedded systems. The attack vector typically involves tricking users into clicking on malicious links or visiting compromised websites that automatically submit requests to the vulnerable camera systems without the user's knowledge or consent.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure to encompass potential full system compromise and unauthorized access to surveillance footage and device configuration. When users navigate to malicious pages while logged into their surveillance cameras, the system processes requests that could modify camera settings, alter recording schedules, change user permissions, or even reset device configurations. This risk is particularly severe in enterprise environments where surveillance systems are critical for security operations and where unauthorized modifications could compromise the integrity of security monitoring. The vulnerability affects the authentication and authorization mechanisms of the affected devices, potentially allowing attackers to gain persistent access to sensitive video feeds and system controls. According to ATT&CK framework, this represents a technique under T1566 (Phishing for Information) and T1071.004 (Application Layer Protocol: DNS) when combined with social engineering tactics, as attackers may need to craft convincing phishing campaigns to lure victims into visiting malicious sites.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both the immediate security gap and the broader architectural weaknesses in the device's web interface design. Organizations should implement comprehensive CSRF token validation mechanisms that are generated per session and validated on every state-changing request to ensure that requests originate from legitimate user interactions. Network segmentation and access control measures should be enforced to limit direct internet exposure of surveillance equipment, while implementing strong authentication protocols including multi-factor authentication for administrative access. Regular security updates and firmware patches should be deployed promptly to address known vulnerabilities, with organizations maintaining inventory tracking of all connected surveillance devices. The implementation of web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems can help identify and block suspicious patterns of CSRF attack attempts. Additionally, user education programs should emphasize the dangers of visiting untrusted websites while maintaining active sessions with critical security infrastructure, as the vulnerability specifically requires users to be logged in to the affected system for exploitation to occur, making user awareness a critical defensive layer in the overall security posture.