CVE-2025-36747 in ShineLan-X
Summary
by MITRE • 12/13/2025
ShineLan-X contains a set of credentials for an FTP server was found within the firmware, allowing testers to establish an insecure FTP connection with the server. This may allow an attacker to replace legitimate files being deployed to devices with their own malicious versions, since the firmware signature verification is not enforced.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/15/2026
This vulnerability resides in the ShineLan-X firmware where hardcoded FTP credentials were discovered, creating a significant security risk for connected devices. The presence of default or weak credentials within firmware represents a critical flaw that violates fundamental security principles and provides unauthorized access vectors for malicious actors. The vulnerability specifically affects the firmware's integrity verification mechanisms, as the absence of proper signature validation allows for arbitrary file replacement operations. This issue demonstrates poor secure coding practices and inadequate security hardening measures during the firmware development lifecycle. According to CWE-798, the use of hardcoded credentials in firmware represents a well-documented weakness that directly enables unauthorized access and privilege escalation. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1547.001, which describes the use of credentials in software to maintain persistence and gain unauthorized access to systems.
The technical implementation of this flaw involves the inclusion of FTP server credentials within the firmware image itself, typically stored in plain text or weakly encrypted formats. This configuration allows any individual with access to the firmware to establish an FTP connection to the server and potentially upload modified files. The attacker can leverage this access to replace legitimate firmware components, bootloaders, or application files with malicious counterparts that can compromise device functionality or provide backdoor access. The lack of firmware signature verification creates a trust boundary failure where the device cannot distinguish between legitimate and malicious updates. This vulnerability operates at the firmware level, making it particularly dangerous as it can persist across system reboots and is difficult to detect through standard network monitoring. The absence of secure boot mechanisms and proper cryptographic verification allows for supply chain attacks where attackers can compromise devices before they reach end users.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential exposure, as it enables complete compromise of device integrity and potentially broader network access. Attackers can utilize the FTP access to deploy malware, modify device behavior, or establish persistent access points within network environments. The vulnerability creates a pathway for lateral movement attacks where compromised devices can serve as launching points for attacks against other networked systems. Organizations relying on ShineLan-X devices face risks including data exfiltration, service disruption, and potential unauthorized access to sensitive network segments. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that firmware-level attacks are difficult to detect through traditional network security controls and may remain undetected for extended periods. This flaw represents a critical security gap that undermines the device's ability to maintain secure operations and can lead to cascading failures within connected ecosystems.
Mitigation strategies should focus on immediate credential remediation and implementation of secure firmware update mechanisms. Organizations must first identify and replace the hardcoded FTP credentials with strong, unique authentication mechanisms and ensure that all firmware components are properly signed and verified before installation. The firmware should implement secure boot processes that enforce cryptographic signatures and prevent unauthorized modifications. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit FTP access to authorized personnel only, while monitoring systems should be deployed to detect unusual FTP activity or unauthorized file transfers. Regular firmware audits and vulnerability assessments should be conducted to identify similar hardcoded credentials or security flaws. According to industry best practices and NIST guidelines, firmware security should incorporate multiple layers of protection including secure key management, cryptographic verification, and continuous monitoring to prevent exploitation of hardcoded credentials. The implementation of automated patch management systems and secure update protocols will help prevent future occurrences of similar vulnerabilities in the device's lifecycle.