CVE-2025-37732 in Kibana
Summary
by MITRE • 12/15/2025
Improper neutralization of input during web page generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (CWE-79) allows an authenticated user to render HTML tags within a user’s browser via the integration package upload functionality. This issue is related to ESA-2025-17 (CVE-2025-25018) bypassing that fix to achieve HTML injection.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/17/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw that undermines web application security through improper input sanitization during page generation processes. The weakness manifests when authenticated users can manipulate the integration package upload functionality to inject malicious HTML content that executes within victim browsers. The vulnerability falls under CWE-79, which specifically addresses cross-site scripting conditions where applications fail to properly neutralize user-supplied input before incorporating it into dynamically generated web pages. This particular implementation flaw allows attackers to bypass existing security controls that were previously designed to address similar issues.
The technical exploitation occurs through the integration package upload mechanism where user input is not adequately sanitized or escaped before being rendered in web contexts. When an authenticated user uploads a package containing malicious HTML tags, these elements can be stored and subsequently executed in the browser context of other users who view the affected content. This creates a persistent XSS vector that can be leveraged for session hijacking, credential theft, or redirection to malicious sites. The vulnerability's relationship to ESA-2025-17 demonstrates how attackers can bypass previously implemented mitigations, suggesting a fundamental flaw in the input validation architecture rather than a simple oversight.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution to encompass potential full system compromise through session manipulation and data exfiltration. Attackers can leverage the persistent nature of the vulnerability to establish long-term presence within affected systems, particularly when targeting authenticated users with elevated privileges. The bypass of CVE-2025-25018 indicates that defensive measures may have been insufficiently comprehensive, potentially leaving organizations vulnerable to more sophisticated attack vectors. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter and T1531 for credential access, as it provides both execution capabilities and potential for privilege escalation through session manipulation.
Organizations should implement comprehensive input sanitization measures that go beyond simple HTML escaping to include robust content security policies and strict validation of uploaded package contents. The mitigation strategy must address both the immediate vulnerability and the broader architectural issues that allowed bypass of previous fixes. Security controls should include proper output encoding for all dynamic content, implementation of content security policy headers, and regular security assessments to identify potential bypass mechanisms. Additionally, the vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date security patches and implementing defense-in-depth strategies that prevent single points of failure in input validation processes. The relationship between this vulnerability and previous CVE-2025-25018 suggests that organizations need to conduct thorough regression testing when applying security updates to ensure that new fixes do not introduce bypass opportunities.