CVE-2025-4015 in Novel-Plus
Summary
by MITRE • 04/28/2025
A vulnerability was found in 20120630 Novel-Plus up to 0e156c04b4b7ce0563bef6c97af4476fcda8f160. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function list of the file novel-system/src/main/java/com/java2nb/system/controller/SessionController.java. The manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/17/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-4015 represents a critical authentication bypass flaw within the Novel-Plus system version 20120630 through commit 0e156c04b4b7ce0563bef6c97af4476fcda8f160. This issue resides in the session management functionality of the system's controller layer, specifically within the SessionController.java file where the list function exhibits improper access control mechanisms. The flaw stems from inadequate validation of user credentials and session state, allowing unauthorized parties to bypass the authentication process entirely. This vulnerability directly maps to CWE-287 which addresses improper authentication issues in software systems, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078.004 which covers valid accounts with compromised credentials.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability manifests in the SessionController's list function where the system fails to properly verify user authentication status before granting access to sensitive data or system functions. When an attacker exploits this weakness, they can remotely access protected resources without providing valid credentials, effectively neutralizing the entire authentication framework. The remote attack vector indicates that no local system access is required, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous as it can be exploited from any network location. The fact that this exploit has been publicly disclosed and is actively being used demonstrates the severity of the issue and the immediate need for remediation. The lack of vendor response despite early notification creates a significant risk posture for organizations relying on this software component.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-4015 extends beyond simple unauthorized access, potentially enabling attackers to perform privilege escalation, data exfiltration, and system manipulation. Organizations utilizing this vulnerable software may experience complete compromise of their session management system, leading to unauthorized administrative access and potential lateral movement within their network infrastructure. The missing authentication mechanism creates a persistent backdoor that could remain undetected for extended periods, allowing attackers to maintain access while conducting reconnaissance activities. This vulnerability undermines the fundamental security model of the application and could result in regulatory compliance violations, data breaches, and significant financial losses. The disclosure of this exploit in the public domain means that threat actors have readily available tools to target affected systems without requiring advanced technical skills. Security teams must implement immediate mitigation strategies including network segmentation, monitoring for unauthorized access attempts, and credential rotation to reduce the risk of exploitation.