CVE-2025-40591 in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000
Summary
by MITRE • 06/10/2025
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 (All versions < V2.16.5), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 (All versions < V2.16.5). The 'Log Viewers' tool in the web interface of affected devices is vulnerable to command injection due to missing server side input sanitation. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute the 'tail' command with root privileges and disclose contents of all files in the filesystem.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/10/2025
This vulnerability exists within the RUGGEDCOM ROX series of industrial networking devices including MX5000, RX1400, RX1500, RX1501, RX1510, RX1511, RX1512, RX1524, RX1536, and RX5000 models. The affected devices are all running versions prior to V2.16.5, representing a significant security gap in the industrial control systems landscape. These devices are designed for harsh environments and critical infrastructure applications where reliability and security are paramount. The vulnerability specifically targets the Log Viewers functionality within the web interface, which is a common administrative tool used for monitoring system logs and diagnostics. The flaw manifests as a command injection vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary system commands with elevated privileges.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate server-side input sanitization within the Log Viewers component. When users interact with the web interface to view logs, the system fails to properly validate or sanitize user-supplied input before processing it. This missing input validation creates a direct pathway for command injection attacks, where an authenticated attacker can manipulate the input fields to inject malicious commands. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it allows execution of the 'tail' command with root privileges, which provides attackers with complete access to the file system contents. This level of access enables comprehensive data exfiltration and system compromise, as attackers can read any file on the device's storage without restriction.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data disclosure, as it represents a critical compromise of industrial control system security. Attackers with valid credentials can leverage this vulnerability to gain complete system control, potentially disrupting critical infrastructure operations. The ability to execute commands with root privileges means that attackers can modify system configurations, install malicious software, or completely disable system functionality. This vulnerability directly violates security principles established in the industrial security domain, where maintaining system integrity and availability is crucial for operational continuity. The affected devices are commonly deployed in environments such as power grids, water treatment facilities, and telecommunications networks where such compromises could have severe consequences.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate patch deployment to versions V2.16.5 or later, which contain the necessary input validation fixes. Network segmentation and access control measures should be implemented to limit exposure of these devices to untrusted networks. Regular security audits and monitoring of administrative interfaces should be conducted to detect unauthorized access attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-78 categories, which specifically address command injection flaws and improper input sanitization. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving command execution and privilege escalation, with potential lateral movement capabilities once initial access is achieved. Organizations should implement comprehensive monitoring solutions to detect anomalous command execution patterns and establish incident response procedures specifically tailored for industrial control system environments. The vulnerability highlights the critical importance of maintaining up-to-date security patches in industrial environments where the consequences of security breaches can extend far beyond traditional information technology risks.