CVE-2025-40735 in SINEC NMS
Summary
by MITRE • 07/08/2025
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC NMS (All versions < V4.0). The affected devices are vulnerable to SQL injection. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries on the server database.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/21/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-40735 affects SINEC NMS software across all versions prior to V4.0, representing a critical security flaw that exposes organizations to significant operational risks. SINEC NMS is a network management system designed for industrial environments, and this vulnerability specifically targets the database layer through SQL injection techniques. The flaw exists within the application's handling of user input, where insufficient validation and sanitization allows malicious actors to inject arbitrary SQL commands into database queries. This vulnerability is particularly concerning as it affects the core network management functionality and operates without requiring authentication, making it accessible to any remote attacker with network connectivity to the affected system.
The technical implementation of this SQL injection vulnerability stems from improper input validation within the SINEC NMS application's database interaction mechanisms. When the system processes user-supplied data through web interfaces or API endpoints, it fails to adequately sanitize or parameterize input before incorporating it into SQL query strings. This allows an attacker to manipulate the intended query execution flow by injecting malicious SQL syntax that can bypass authentication checks, extract sensitive data, modify database records, or even execute system commands on the underlying database server. The vulnerability maps directly to CWE-89 which specifically addresses SQL injection flaws, and represents a classic example of insufficient input validation in database operations. The absence of authentication requirements for exploitation aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 for exploiting vulnerabilities and T1071.004 for application layer protocol usage.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise, potentially leading to complete system takeover and disruption of critical network management functions. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access sensitive operational data including network configurations, device credentials, and system logs that would normally be restricted. The ability to execute arbitrary SQL queries provides attackers with extensive capabilities to manipulate database contents, potentially creating backdoors, deleting critical configuration data, or extracting confidential information from the network management system. Organizations relying on SINEC NMS for industrial network monitoring and control could face severe consequences including operational disruptions, compliance violations, and potential safety risks in critical infrastructure environments where network management systems play a vital role in maintaining system integrity.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-40735 must prioritize immediate remediation through the application of official patches or updates to version V4.0 or later, which should address the underlying SQL injection vulnerabilities. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to affected systems, deploy web application firewalls to detect and block malicious SQL injection attempts, and conduct comprehensive security assessments of their network management infrastructure. Additionally, database access controls should be reviewed and hardened to minimize the potential impact of successful exploitation, including implementing least privilege principles for database accounts and disabling unnecessary database functions. The vulnerability also underscores the importance of regular security updates and vulnerability management programs, particularly for industrial control systems where outdated software versions often persist due to operational continuity requirements. Organizations should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems specifically configured to identify SQL injection patterns and maintain detailed audit logs for monitoring suspicious database activities.