CVE-2025-41340 in CanalDenuncia.app
Summary
by MITRE • 11/04/2025
A lack of authorisation vulnerability has been detected in CanalDenuncia.app. This vulnerability allows an attacker to access other users' information by sending a POST through the parameters 'id_tp_denuncia' and 'id_sociedad' in '/backend/api/buscarTipoDenunciabyId.php'.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/04/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-41340 represents a critical authorization flaw within the CanalDenuncia.app application ecosystem. This weakness manifests as an improper access control condition that permits unauthenticated or unauthorized users to retrieve sensitive information belonging to other system users. The vulnerability specifically affects the backend API endpoint '/backend/api/buscarTipoDenunciabyId.php' which processes user requests through POST parameters. The attack vector exploits the absence of proper validation mechanisms that should verify user permissions before exposing confidential data. This authorization bypass allows malicious actors to manipulate the application's data access controls by simply crafting specific POST requests containing the 'id_tp_denuncia' and 'id_sociedad' parameters.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and session management within the application's backend architecture. When legitimate users submit requests through the designated API endpoint, the system fails to authenticate the requesting user or verify their authorization level before processing the request. The parameters 'id_tp_denuncia' and 'id_sociedad' serve as critical data identifiers that, when manipulated by unauthorized parties, can trigger the retrieval of information that should be restricted to specific user roles or ownership. This flaw directly aligns with CWE-285, which categorizes improper authorization conditions in software applications. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be exploited through network-based attacks that require no privileged access or special user credentials.
The operational impact of this authorization vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure to encompass potential privacy violations and data integrity concerns. Attackers can leverage this weakness to access confidential information including but not limited to user personal data, complaint records, organizational details, and potentially sensitive business information. The scope of potential damage increases when considering that this vulnerability affects an application designed for public or organizational reporting systems, where the exposure of user data could lead to identity theft, social engineering attacks, or corporate espionage. The vulnerability also creates opportunities for lateral movement within the application's ecosystem, as unauthorized access to one user's data may provide insights that enable further exploitation attempts. This type of vulnerability falls under the ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers Valid Accounts and T1566 which covers Phishing, as unauthorized access to legitimate user data can be leveraged for more sophisticated attacks.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-41340 must focus on implementing robust authentication and authorization controls throughout the application stack. The primary remediation involves enforcing proper input validation on all API endpoints, particularly those handling sensitive data retrieval operations. Implementation of role-based access control mechanisms should ensure that each request is authenticated and authorized before any data is returned to the client. The application should verify that the requesting user has appropriate permissions to access the specific data identified by the 'id_tp_denuncia' and 'id_sociedad' parameters. Additional security measures include implementing proper session management, adding rate limiting to prevent automated exploitation attempts, and conducting regular security audits to identify similar authorization gaps. Organizations should also consider implementing API gateways with built-in authentication and authorization enforcement, as well as logging and monitoring mechanisms to detect anomalous access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. The remediation process should follow established security frameworks such as OWASP API Security Top 10 and NIST Cybersecurity Framework to ensure comprehensive protection against similar authorization vulnerabilities in the future.