CVE-2025-45065 in Employee Record Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 07/07/2025
employee record management system in php and mysql v1 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the loginerms.php endpoint.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/07/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-45065 represents a critical security flaw within an employee record management system built using php and mysql version 1. This system appears to be a web-based application designed for managing employee data, which likely includes sensitive personal information, payroll details, and other confidential records. The vulnerability manifests through the loginerms.php endpoint, which serves as the primary authentication interface for users accessing the system. This endpoint is particularly concerning as it handles user credentials and authentication processes, making it a prime target for attackers seeking unauthorized access to the entire employee database. The presence of SQL injection vulnerabilities in authentication systems typically indicates poor input validation practices and inadequate sanitization of user-supplied data, creating an exploitable entry point that could compromise the entire system.
The technical flaw stems from improper handling of user input within the loginerms.php script, where parameters passed to the mysql database are not adequately sanitized or escaped before being incorporated into sql query strings. This allows malicious actors to inject arbitrary sql commands through carefully crafted input fields, potentially manipulating the database queries to extract sensitive information, modify records, or bypass authentication mechanisms entirely. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-89 which specifically addresses sql injection flaws, and represents a classic example of unsafe query construction where user-controllable data directly influences sql statement execution. Attackers could exploit this weakness by submitting malicious payloads through login forms or api endpoints that ultimately route to the vulnerable loginerms.php file, potentially gaining administrative privileges or accessing the complete employee database without proper authorization.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple data theft, as it creates a pathway for attackers to compromise the entire employee record management system. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized access to sensitive employee information including personal identification numbers, salary details, performance records, and other confidential data that organizations are legally required to protect under data privacy regulations such as gdpr and ccpa. The vulnerability also poses significant risks to business continuity and regulatory compliance, as unauthorized access to employee records could lead to identity theft, financial fraud, and potential legal liability for the organization. Additionally, attackers might leverage this vulnerability as a stepping stone for further attacks within the network, potentially escalating privileges to access other systems or databases that may contain additional sensitive information, making this a particularly dangerous flaw from a cybersecurity perspective.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-45065 should focus on implementing proper input validation and parameterized queries throughout the application codebase, particularly within the loginerms.php endpoint. Organizations should immediately apply patches or code modifications that utilize prepared statements and parameterized queries to prevent sql injection attacks, ensuring that all user input is properly escaped or validated before being processed by the database. Security measures should include implementing proper authentication controls, including multi-factor authentication and account lockout mechanisms to prevent brute force attacks. The system should also be configured with proper access controls and least privilege principles, ensuring that only authorized personnel can access sensitive employee records. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities throughout the application. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems can provide additional layers of protection against sql injection attacks. According to the mitre att&ck framework, this vulnerability would be categorized under initial access techniques, specifically credential access and execution phases, making comprehensive monitoring and detection capabilities essential for identifying potential exploitation attempts.