CVE-2025-45237 in DBSyncer
Summary
by MITRE • 05/05/2025
Incorrect access control in the component /config/download of DBSyncer v2.0.6 allows attackers to access the JSON file containing sensitive account information, including the encrypted password.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/26/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-45237 represents a critical access control flaw within the DBSyncer v2.0.6 application that directly compromises the confidentiality of sensitive authentication data. This issue manifests in the configuration download component located at /config/download where proper authorization checks fail to validate user permissions before serving sensitive JSON files. The affected system exposes account credentials including encrypted passwords through an improperly secured endpoint that should require administrative authentication or specific role-based access controls to prevent unauthorized access.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and authentication mechanisms within the application's configuration management interface. Attackers can exploit this weakness by directly accessing the /config/download endpoint without proper credentials, bypassing the intended access control policies that should restrict such operations to authorized administrators only. The JSON file structure contains sensitive account information that, when accessed, provides attackers with potential entry points for further exploitation including credential reuse attacks or privilege escalation within the affected system. This flaw operates under the broader category of improper access control as defined by CWE-285, specifically manifesting as an authorization bypass that allows unauthorized data access.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-45237 extends beyond immediate credential exposure to encompass potential system compromise and data breaches. When attackers obtain the encrypted passwords and associated account information, they can attempt credential stuffing attacks against other systems, perform lateral movement within networks, or use the compromised credentials to access additional services that may share similar authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability creates a persistent security risk that remains active until properly patched, potentially allowing attackers to maintain unauthorized access over extended periods. Organizations using DBSyncer v2.0.6 face increased risk of unauthorized system access, data exfiltration, and potential regulatory compliance violations due to the exposure of sensitive authentication data.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-45237 require immediate implementation of proper access control measures including authentication validation, authorization checks, and role-based access controls for the configuration download endpoint. System administrators should ensure that the /config/download component requires valid administrative credentials before serving any sensitive configuration files. The recommended approach involves implementing robust authentication mechanisms that verify user identity and privilege levels before granting access to configuration data. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing network segmentation, monitoring access patterns to sensitive endpoints, and conducting regular security assessments to identify similar access control vulnerabilities. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 which focuses on valid accounts and credential access, highlighting the importance of proper access control implementation to prevent unauthorized privilege escalation and data access. The remediation process should include updating to the latest version of DBSyncer where the access control flaw has been addressed, implementing proper logging and monitoring of configuration access attempts, and establishing security controls that prevent direct URL access to sensitive system components without proper authorization validation.