CVE-2025-45240 in FoxCMS
Summary
by MITRE • 05/05/2025
foxcms v1.2.5 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability via the executeCommand method in DataBackup.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/13/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-45240 affects foxcms version 1.2.5 and represents a critical SQL injection flaw within the DataBackup.php file. This vulnerability specifically manifests through the executeCommand method which fails to properly sanitize user input before incorporating it into database queries. The flaw exists in the application's backup functionality where administrative commands are processed, creating an avenue for malicious actors to inject arbitrary SQL code into the underlying database system. Such vulnerabilities typically arise from inadequate input validation and improper query construction practices that allow attackers to manipulate the intended execution flow of database operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from the application's failure to employ proper parameterized queries or input sanitization mechanisms when processing commands within the executeCommand method. When administrators or authenticated users interact with the backup functionality, the system accepts command parameters directly without adequate filtering or escaping of special characters that could alter the SQL statement structure. This represents a classic SQL injection vector that aligns with CWE-89, which categorizes improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands as a fundamental weakness in application security. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it operates within administrative functions, potentially allowing attackers to escalate privileges and gain unauthorized access to sensitive database information.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise, as successful exploitation could enable attackers to execute arbitrary database commands with the privileges of the database user account. This could result in data exfiltration, data modification, or even complete database destruction depending on the attacker's objectives and the underlying database permissions. The vulnerability affects the integrity and confidentiality of the entire content management system, potentially exposing sensitive user information, configuration data, and application logic. Organizations utilizing foxcms v1.2.5 may face significant security risks including regulatory compliance violations, reputational damage, and potential legal consequences from data breaches resulting from this flaw. The attack surface is particularly wide since the vulnerability exists within a core administrative function that is likely to be accessed by authorized personnel, making exploitation more probable.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate patching of the foxcms application to the latest available version that addresses this specific SQL injection flaw. Organizations should also implement network-level protections such as web application firewalls that can detect and block suspicious SQL injection patterns targeting the affected DataBackup.php endpoint. Input validation should be strengthened at multiple layers including application code, database level, and network perimeter controls to create defense-in-depth measures. Database access controls should be reviewed to ensure that application accounts have minimal required privileges and that sensitive operations are properly audited. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual backup command executions or patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, implementing proper code review processes and automated security testing including static application security testing tools can help identify similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the codebase and prevent future occurrences of CWE-89 type flaws. Organizations should also consider implementing the principle of least privilege for database connections and regularly audit database access logs for unauthorized activities.