CVE-2025-46777 in FortiPortal
Summary
by MITRE • 05/28/2025
A insertion of sensitive information into log file in Fortinet FortiPortal versions 7.4.0, versions 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, and versions 7.0.0 through 7.0.9 may allow an authenticated attacker with at least read-only admin permissions to view encrypted secrets via the FortiPortal System Log.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/28/2025
This vulnerability resides within Fortinet FortiPortal appliances where sensitive information is being inadvertently written to system log files. The flaw affects multiple version ranges including 7.4.0, 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, and 7.0.0 through 7.0.9, indicating a persistent issue across the product lineage. The vulnerability classification aligns with CWE-532 which specifically addresses information exposure through log files, making it a direct concern for data confidentiality and integrity within enterprise security infrastructure.
The technical mechanism of this vulnerability involves an authenticated attacker who possesses at least read-only administrative privileges to access system logs that contain encrypted secrets. This represents a privilege escalation concern where the attacker can leverage their existing access level to extract sensitive data that should remain protected. The flaw essentially allows for information disclosure through improper logging practices where cryptographic keys or other sensitive encrypted data are being logged in a manner that makes them accessible to authorized users.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant for organizations relying on FortiPortal for network security management. System administrators who have read-only access to the FortiPortal interface can potentially extract encrypted secrets from log files, which could compromise the security of encrypted communications, authentication mechanisms, or other protected data within the network infrastructure. This vulnerability undermines the principle of least privilege and could enable attackers to gain deeper insights into the security architecture.
From a cybersecurity framework perspective, this vulnerability maps directly to ATT&CK technique T1562.006 which covers "T1562.006 - Impair Defenses: Indicator Removal from Tools" and also relates to T1070.006 for "T1070.006 - Indicator Removal on Host: File Deletion". The vulnerability demonstrates poor input validation and output handling practices where sensitive information flows through logging mechanisms without proper sanitization. Organizations should implement comprehensive log management policies that prevent sensitive data from being written to logs in the first place, following security best practices outlined in NIST SP 800-92 for log management.
The mitigation strategy should include immediate implementation of log filtering mechanisms to prevent sensitive information from being written to system logs, regular log review processes to identify and remove any sensitive data that may have been inadvertently logged, and enforcement of strict access controls for log file access. Network security teams should also conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing to identify similar logging vulnerabilities across their infrastructure, particularly in security appliances that handle encryption keys and authentication data. Additionally, implementing proper audit logging and monitoring for unauthorized access attempts to system logs can help detect exploitation attempts and provide forensic evidence for incident response activities.