CVE-2025-47178 in Configuration Manager
Summary
by MITRE • 07/08/2025
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Microsoft Configuration Manager allows an authorized attacker to execute code over an adjacent network.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/23/2025
Microsoft Configuration Manager contains a critical sql injection vulnerability that arises from improper neutralization of special elements within sql commands. This flaw exists in the authentication and authorization mechanisms of the configuration manager service, specifically within the query processing components that handle user inputs and system parameters. The vulnerability allows an attacker with network access to manipulate sql command structures through specially crafted inputs that are not properly sanitized or escaped before being executed against the underlying database. The issue stems from inadequate input validation and parameter binding practices that permit malicious sql fragments to be injected into command sequences, potentially enabling unauthorized database access and command execution. This vulnerability operates at the application level and leverages the trust relationship between networked systems, making it particularly dangerous in environments where Configuration Manager services are exposed to untrusted network segments. The flaw affects Microsoft Configuration Manager versions prior to the patched release and represents a direct violation of secure coding principles that should prevent sql injection through proper input sanitization and parameterized queries. According to CWE-89, this vulnerability falls under the category of improper neutralization of special elements used in sql commands, which is a well-documented weakness that has been consistently ranked among the top security risks in the OWASP Top Ten. The attack vector requires an authorized network presence, meaning that an attacker must already have access to the network segment where the Configuration Manager service operates, but does not require elevated privileges within the system itself. The operational impact of this vulnerability includes potential unauthorized access to sensitive configuration data, system compromise through database manipulation, and possible lateral movement within the network infrastructure that relies on Configuration Manager for endpoint management. The vulnerability can be exploited to execute arbitrary sql commands against the underlying database, potentially allowing attackers to extract configuration information, modify system parameters, or even escalate privileges within the management infrastructure. This weakness is particularly concerning because Configuration Manager typically handles sensitive endpoint data and system configurations, making the potential attack surface significant for enterprise environments. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers valid accounts and T1046 which covers network service scanning, as attackers may use this weakness to establish persistent access and expand their network reconnaissance activities. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to limit access to Configuration Manager services, deployment of intrusion detection systems to monitor for sql injection patterns, and application of the latest security patches provided by Microsoft. The remediation process requires careful attention to ensure that all Configuration Manager components are updated and that proper network access controls are implemented to prevent unauthorized access to the management infrastructure. Additionally, organizations should conduct comprehensive security assessments of their Configuration Manager deployments to identify potential additional attack vectors and ensure that proper input validation and parameterized query execution are enforced throughout the system. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of secure coding practices and proper input validation in enterprise management systems where database interactions are frequent and sensitive data is processed regularly.