CVE-2025-4744 in Employee Record System
Summary
by MITRE • 05/16/2025
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in code-projects Employee Record System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file dashboard\edit_employee.php. The manipulation of the argument employeed_id/first_name/middle_name/last_name leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/16/2025
This vulnerability resides within the code-projects Employee Record System version 1.0, specifically in the dashboard\edit_employee.php file where insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data. The flaw manifests when parameters including employeed_id, first_name, middle_name, and last_name are processed without adequate sanitization, creating a cross-site scripting vulnerability that allows malicious actors to inject arbitrary JavaScript code into the application's response. The vulnerability is classified as remotely exploitable, meaning attackers can leverage this weakness through network-based attacks without requiring physical access to the system or direct user interaction beyond navigating to the affected page.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-79, which describes Cross-Site Scripting flaws occurring when untrusted data is incorporated into web pages without proper validation or encoding. This particular implementation allows attackers to manipulate multiple parameters simultaneously, increasing the attack surface and potential impact. The vulnerability's classification as problematic indicates that it has been assessed as having significant security implications, particularly given that a public exploit has been disclosed and is available for use by malicious actors. This public disclosure significantly elevates the risk level as the attack vector is well-documented and readily accessible.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft or session hijacking, as it provides attackers with the capability to execute arbitrary code within the context of the victim's browser. This could enable attackers to steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious sites, deface the application interface, or even perform actions on behalf of authenticated users. The remote exploitability means that attackers can target the system from anywhere on the internet, making it particularly dangerous for organizations that do not properly segment their network or implement robust web application firewalls. Additionally, the vulnerability affects core employee record functionality, potentially compromising sensitive personnel data and undermining the integrity of the entire employee management system.
Organizations should immediately implement multiple layers of defense to mitigate this vulnerability. The primary remediation involves implementing proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application, specifically ensuring that all user-supplied parameters are sanitized before being processed or displayed. This includes implementing strict parameter validation, using appropriate HTML encoding for output, and employing Content Security Policy headers to limit script execution. The system should also be updated to the latest version of the Employee Record System where this vulnerability has been patched, or alternatively, developers should implement proper parameter sanitization techniques to prevent XSS attacks. Network-based mitigations such as web application firewalls should be deployed to detect and block malicious payloads, while security monitoring systems should be configured to identify potential exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities throughout the application codebase, and comprehensive security training should be provided to development teams to prevent similar issues in future implementations.