CVE-2025-47757 in V-SFT
Summary
by MITRE • 05/19/2025
V-SFT v6.2.5.0 and earlier contains an issue with out-of-bounds read in VS6MemInIF.dll!set_plc_type_default function. Opening specially crafted V7 or V8 files may lead to crash, information disclosure, and arbitrary code execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/19/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-47757 affects V-SFT software version 6.2.5.0 and earlier, specifically within the VS6MemInIF.dll library. This issue manifests as an out-of-bounds read condition within the set_plc_type_default function, representing a critical memory safety flaw that can be exploited through malicious file manipulation. The vulnerability resides in the software's handling of V7 and V8 file formats, which are proprietary data structures used for industrial automation and control systems. When the vulnerable software attempts to process specially crafted files, the out-of-bounds read operation causes unpredictable behavior that can escalate to system compromise.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-125, which describes out-of-bounds read conditions in software implementations. The flaw occurs when the set_plc_type_default function processes file headers or data structures without proper bounds checking, allowing an attacker to manipulate memory access patterns. This particular implementation issue affects how the software parses and interprets file metadata, particularly in the context of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) type definitions. The lack of input validation and memory boundary enforcement creates a pathway for attackers to manipulate the program flow through carefully constructed file contents that trigger the vulnerable code path.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-47757 extends beyond simple software instability, as it enables a full range of malicious activities including system crashes, information disclosure, and arbitrary code execution. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could potentially gain unauthorized access to industrial control systems, disrupt operations, or escalate privileges within the targeted environment. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in industrial settings where V-SFT software is commonly used for automation and control system management, as these environments often require high availability and security. The arbitrary code execution capability means that an attacker could install malware, modify system configurations, or establish persistence mechanisms within the affected systems, making this vulnerability a significant risk for operational technology environments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-47757 should prioritize immediate software updates from the vendor to address the out-of-bounds read condition in VS6MemInIF.dll. Organizations should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of vulnerable systems, particularly those handling industrial automation files. Security monitoring should include detection of unusual file processing patterns and potential exploitation attempts through file uploads or network transfers. The vulnerability's characteristics align with ATT&CK technique T1203, which involves exploitation of software vulnerabilities for privilege escalation and persistence. Additionally, implementing application whitelisting and restricting file type handling can reduce the attack surface. System administrators should also consider deploying intrusion detection systems that can identify suspicious file processing activities and potential exploitation attempts. Regular vulnerability assessments and security audits of industrial control systems are essential to identify and remediate similar memory safety issues that could lead to system compromise.