CVE-2025-48341 in Form Maker Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 05/19/2025
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in 10Web Form Maker by 10Web allows Stored XSS. This issue affects Form Maker by 10Web: from n/a through 1.15.33.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/19/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2025-48341 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw in the 10Web Form Maker plugin, specifically within the web page generation functionality. This stored XSS vulnerability enables attackers to inject malicious scripts into form data that persists and executes when other users view the affected pages. The issue affects versions ranging from the initial release through 1.15.33, indicating a prolonged exposure window where users remained vulnerable to this class of attack. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input sanitization during the form processing and rendering stages, where user-submitted data containing malicious script code is not properly escaped or filtered before being stored in the database and subsequently displayed on web pages.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the failure to neutralize user input during the web page generation process, which directly maps to CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation. When users submit form data containing script tags or malicious payloads, these inputs are stored without proper encoding or validation, allowing the malicious code to execute in the context of other users' browsers. This stored nature of the vulnerability means that the malicious scripts are not limited to a single request but persist in the application's database, making them particularly dangerous as they can affect multiple users over time. The vulnerability occurs during the form rendering phase where the plugin fails to implement proper output encoding for dynamic content generated from user inputs, creating an environment where attacker-controlled data can be interpreted as executable code rather than static text.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it can enable attackers to perform a wide range of malicious activities including session hijacking, data theft, and redirection to malicious sites. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to steal administrator credentials, modify form configurations, or inject backdoors into the affected WordPress installation. The stored nature of the XSS payload means that even users who do not directly interact with the compromised forms can be affected when they view pages containing the malicious content. This vulnerability particularly impacts WordPress environments where 10Web Form Maker is installed, as it provides attackers with a persistent vector for maintaining access and executing arbitrary code within the context of the vulnerable application. The attack surface is further expanded by the fact that this vulnerability affects the core form generation functionality, making it difficult to isolate and prevent without comprehensive input validation and output encoding measures.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-48341 should prioritize immediate patching of the 10Web Form Maker plugin to version 1.15.34 or later, as this represents the most direct solution to address the underlying input sanitization issues. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation and output encoding measures at multiple layers, including server-side validation of all form inputs and proper HTML encoding of dynamic content before rendering. The implementation of Content Security Policy headers can provide additional protection against XSS attacks by restricting script execution and preventing unauthorized code injection. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls should be configured to detect and block suspicious input patterns that may indicate XSS attempts. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other plugins and themes. Additionally, administrators should consider implementing principle of least privilege access controls and regular monitoring of form submissions to detect anomalous activity that may indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566.001 - Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment, as attackers may use this vulnerability to deliver malicious payloads through compromised form submissions, and T1059.001 - Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic, as the stored nature of the vulnerability allows for persistent malicious script execution.